k8s集群搭建
零、资料下载1.下文需要的yaml文件所在的github地址如下https://github.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/tree/master2.下文
零、资料下载
1.下文需要的yaml文件所在的github地址如下
https://github.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/tree/master
2.下文里提到的初始化k8s集群需要的镜像获取方式：镜像在百度网盘
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1k1heJy8lLnDk2JEFyRyJdA
提取码：udkj
一、准备实验环境
1.准备两台centos7虚拟机，用来安装k8s集群
操作系统：centos7.6以及更高版本都可以配置：2核cpu，4G内存，两块50G硬盘
网络：桥接网络
master1 192.168.0.6
node1 192.168.0.56
二、初始化实验环境
1.配置静态ip
把虚拟机或者物理机配置成静态ip地址，这样机器重新启动后ip地址也不会发生改变。
1.1 在master1节点配置网络
修改/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33文件，变成如下：
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.6
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
DNS1=192.168.0.1
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
修改配置文件之后需要重启网络服务才能使配置生效，重启网络服务命令如下：
service network restart
注：ifcfg-ens33文件配置解释：
IPADDR=192.168.0.6
#ip地址，需要跟自己电脑所在网段一致
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
#子网掩码，需要跟自己电脑所在网段一致
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
#网关，在自己电脑打开cmd，输入ipconfig /all可看到
DNS1=192.168.0.1
#DNS，在自己电脑打开cmd，输入ipconfig /all可看到
1.2 在node1节点配置网络
修改/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33文件，变成如下：
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=192.168.0.56
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.0.1
DNS1=192.168.0.1
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes
修改配置文件之后需要重启网络服务才能使配置生效，重启网络服务命令如下：
service network restart
2.修改yum源，各个节点操作
（1）备份原来的yum源
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
（2）下载阿里的yum源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
（3）生成新的yum缓存
yum makecache fast
（4）配置安装k8s需要的yum源
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
EOF
（5）清理yum缓存
yum clean all
（6）生成新的yum缓存
yum makecache fast
（7）更新yum源
yum -y update
（8）安装软件包
yum -y install yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
（9）添加新的软件源
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum clean all
yum makecache fast
3.安装基础软件包，各个节点操作
yum -y install wget net-tools nfs-utils lrzsz gcc gcc-c++ make cmake libxml2-devel openssl-devel curl curl-devel unzip sudo ntplibaio-devel wget vim ncurses-devel autoconf automake zlib-devel python-devel epel-release openssh-server socat ipvsadm conntrack ntpdate
4.关闭firewalld防火墙
各个节点操作，centos7系统默认使用的是firewalld防火墙，停止firewalld防火墙，并禁用这个服务
systemctl stopfirewalld && systemctl disable firewalld
5.安装iptables
各个节点操作，如果你用firewalld不是很习惯，可以安装iptables，这个步骤可以不做，根据大家实际需求
5.1 安装iptables
yum install iptables-services -y
5.2 禁用iptables
service iptables stop && systemctl disable iptables
6.时间同步，各个节点操作
6.1 时间同步
ntpdate http://cn.pool.ntp.org
6.2 编辑计划任务，每小时做一次同步
1）crontab -e
* */1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate http://cn.pool.ntp.org
2）重启crond服务：
service crond restart
7.关闭selinux，各个节点操作
关闭selinux，设置永久关闭，这样重启机器selinux也处于关闭状态
修改/etc/sysconfig/selinux和/etc/selinux/config文件，把
SELINUX=enforcing变成SELINUX=disabled，也可用下面方式修改：
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
上面文件修改之后，需要重启虚拟机，可以强制重启：
reboot -f
8.关闭交换分区，各个节点操作
swapoff -a
#永久禁用，打开/etc/fstab注释掉swap那一行。
sed -i 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
9.修改内核参数，各个节点操作
cat <<EOF > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
sysctl --system
10.修改主机名
在192.168.0.6上：
hostnamectl set-hostname master1
在192.168.0.56上：
hostnamectl set-hostname node1
11.配置hosts文件，各个节点操作
在/etc/hosts文件增加如下几行：
192.168.0.6 master1
192.168.0.56 node1
12.配置master1到node1无密码登陆，配置master1到node1无密码登陆
在master1上操作
ssh-keygen -t rsa
#一直回车就可以
cd /root && ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@node1
#上面需要输入yes之后，输入密码，输入node1物理机密码即可
三、安装kubernetes1.18.2单master节点的高可用集群
1.安装docker19.03，各个节点操作
1.1 查看支持的docker版本
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates |sort -r
1.2 安装19.03.7版本
yum install -y docker-ce-19.03.7-3.el7
systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker
#查看docker状态，如果状态是active（running），说明docker是正常运行状态
systemctl status docker
1.3 修改docker配置文件
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json <<EOF
{ "exec-opts":["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"log-driver":"json-file",
"log-opts": { "max-size": "100m"
},
"storage-driver":"overlay2",
"storage-opts": [
"overlay2.override_kernel_check=true"
]
}
EOF
1.4 重启docker使配置生效
systemctl daemon-reload && systemctl restartdocker
1.5 设置网桥包经IPTables，core文件生成路径，配置永久生效
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-iptables
echo 1 >/proc/sys/net/bridge/bridge-nf-call-ip6tables
echo """
vm.swappiness = 0
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
""" > /etc/sysctl.conf
sysctl -p
1.6 开启ipvs，不开启ipvs将会使用iptables，但是效率低，所以官网推荐需要开通ipvs内核
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
ipvs_modules="ip_vs ip_vs_lc ip_vs_wlc ip_vs_rrip_vs_wrr ip_vs_lblc ip_vs_lblcr ip_vs_dh ip_vs_sh ip_vs_fo ip_vs_nq ip_vs_sedip_vs_ftp nf_conntrack"
for kernel_module in ${ipvs_modules}; do
/sbin/modinfo -Ffilename ${kernel_module} > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
/sbin/modprobe${kernel_module}
fi
done
EOF
modprobe ip_vs
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules &&bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep ip_vs
2.安装kubernetes1.18.6
2.1在master1和node1上安装kubeadm和kubelet
yum install kubeadm-1.18.6 kubelet-1.18.6 -y
systemctl enable kubelet
初始化k8s集群
kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.18.6 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.0.6 --image-repository http://registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
注释：
--image-repository http://registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers 是指定阿里云的镜像源，基于这个我们可以安装任何版本的k8s；
--kubernetes-version=v1.18.6是指定k8s版本
初始化命令执行成功之后显示如下内容，说明初始化成功了
Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regularuser:
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g)$HOME/.kube/config
You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the optionslisted at:
https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/
Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following oneach as root:
kubeadm join 192.168.0.6:6443 --token si1c9n.3c5os94xcuzq6wl3
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hashsha256:9d3a35eab0f6badba61ebb833d420902e4f9e0168ee1c1374121668ab382a596
注：kubeadm join ... 这条命令需要记住，我们把k8s的node1节点加入到集群需要在这些节点节点输入这条命令，每次执行这个结果都是不一样的，大家记住自己执行的结果，在下面会用到
2.2 在master1节点执行如下，这样才能有权限操作k8s资源
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
在master1节点执行
kubectl get nodes
显示如下，master1节点是NotReady
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION master1 NotReady master 8m11s v1.18.6
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
显示如下，可看到cordns也是处于pending状态
coredns-7ff77c879f-j48h6 0/1 Pending 0 3m16scoredns-7ff77c879f-lrb77 0/1 Pending 0 3m16s
上面可以看到STATUS状态是NotReady，cordns是pending，是因为没有安装网络插件，需要安装calico或者flannel，接下来我们安装calico，在master1节点安装calico网络插件：
安装calico需要的镜像是http://quay.io/calico/cni:v3.5.3和http://quay.io/calico/node:v3.5.3，镜像在文章开头处的百度网盘地址
手动上传上面两个镜像的压缩包到各个节点，通过docker load -i解压
docker load -i cni.tar.gz docker load -i calico-node.tar.gz
在master1节点执行如下
kubectl apply -f calico.yaml
calico.yaml文件内容在如下提供的地址，打开下面链接可复制内容：
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/master/calico.yaml
如果打不开上面的链接,可以访问下面的github地址，把下面的目录clone和下载下来，解压之后，在把文件传到master1节点即可
https://github.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/tree/master
在master1节点执行
kubectl get nodes
显示如下，看到STATUS是Ready
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master1 Ready master 98m v1.18.6
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
看到cordns也是running状态，说明master1节点的calico安装完成
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
calico-node-6rvqm 1/1 Running 0 17m
coredns-7ff77c879f-j48h6 1/1 Running 0 97m
coredns-7ff77c879f-lrb77 1/1 Running 0 97m
etcd-master1 1/1 Running 0 97m
kube-apiserver-master1 1/1 Running 0 97m
kube-controller-manager-master1 1/1 Running 0 97m
kube-proxy-njft6 1/1 Running 0 97m
kube-scheduler-master1 1/1 Running 0 97m
2.3 把node1节点加入到k8s集群，在node1节点操作
kubeadm join 192.168.0.6:6443 --token si1c9n.3c5os94xcuzq6wl3
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hashsha256:9d3a35eab0f6badba61ebb833d420902e4f9e0168ee1c1374121668ab382a596
注：上面的这个加入到k8s节点的一串命令kubeadm join就是在2.4初始化的时候生成的
2.8 在master1节点查看集群节点状态
kubectl get nodes
显示如下：
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
master1 Ready master 3m36s v1.18.6
node1 Ready 3m36s v1.18.6
说明node1节点也加入到k8s集群了，通过以上就完成了k8s单master高可用集群的搭建
2.4 安装traefik
官网：https://docs.traefik.io/
把traefik镜像上传到各个节点，按照如下方法通过docker load -i解压，镜像地址在文章开头处的百度网盘里，可自行下载
docker load -i traefik_1_7_9.tar.gz
traefik用到的镜像是http://k8s.gcr.io/traefik:1.7.9
1）生成traefik证书，在master1上操作
mkdir ~/ikube/tls/ -p
echo """
[req]
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
prompt = yes
[ req_distinguished_name ]
countryName = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_value = CN
stateOrProvinceName = State orProvince Name (full name)
stateOrProvinceName_value = Beijing
localityName = Locality Name (eg, city)
localityName_value =Haidian
organizationName =Organization Name (eg, company)
organizationName_value = Channelsoft
organizationalUnitName = OrganizationalUnit Name (eg, p)
organizationalUnitName_value = R & D Department
commonName = Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname)
commonName_value =*.http://multi.io
emailAddress = Email Address
emailAddress_value =lentil1016@gmail.com
""" > ~/ikube/tls/openssl.cnf
openssl req -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -config ~/ikube/tls/openssl.cnf -days3650 -x509 -out ~/ikube/tls/tls.crt -keyout ~/ikube/tls/tls.key
kubectl create -n kube-system secret tls ssl --cert ~/ikube/tls/tls.crt--key ~/ikube/tls/tls.key
2）执行yaml文件，创建traefik
kubectl apply -f traefik.yaml
traefik.yaml文件内容在如下链接地址处复制：
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/master/traefik.yaml
上面如果访问不了，可以访问下面的链接，然后把下面的分支克隆和下载，手动把yaml文件传到master1上即可：
https://github.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3
3）查看traefik是否部署成功：
kubectl get pods -n kube-system traefik-ingress-controller-csbp8 1/1 Running 0 5s traefik-ingress-controller-hqkwf 1/1 Running 0 5s
3.安装kubernetes-dashboard-2版本（kubernetes的web ui界面）
把kubernetes-dashboard镜像上传到各个节点，按照如下方法通过docker load -i解压，镜像地址在文章开头处的百度网盘里，可自行下载
docker load -i dashboard_2_0_0.tar.gz
docker load -i metrics-scrapter-1-0-1.tar.gz
解压出来的镜像是kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.0.0-beta8和kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.1
在master1节点操作
kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
kubernetes-dashboard.yaml文件内容在如下链接地址处复制https://raw.githubusercontent.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/master/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml
上面如果访问不了，可以访问下面的链接，然后把下面的分支克隆和下载，手动把yaml文件传到master1上即可：
https://github.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3
查看dashboard是否安装成功：
kubectl get pods -n kubernetes-dashboard
显示如下，说明dashboard安装成功了
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE dashboard-metrics-scraper-694557449d-8xmtf 1/1 Running 0 60s
kubernetes-dashboard-5f98bdb684-ph9wg 1/1 Running 2 60s 查看dashboard前端的service
kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
显示如下：
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.100.23.9 8000/TCP 50s
kubernetes-dashboard ClusterIP 10.105.253.155 443/TCP 50s 修改service type类型变成NodePort：
kubectl edit svc kubernetes-dashboard -n kubernetes-dashboard
把type: ClusterIP变成 type: NodePort，保存退出即可。
kubectl get svc -n kubernetes-dashboard
显示如下：
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE dashboard-metrics-scraper ClusterIP 10.100.23.9 8000/TCP 3m59s kubernetes-dashboard NodePort 10.105.253.155 443:31175/TCP 4m 上面可看到service类型是NodePort，访问master1节点ip:31175端口即可访问kubernetes dashboard，我的环境需要输入如下地址
https://192.168.0.6:31775/
可看到出现了dashboard界面
3.1通过yaml文件里指定的默认的token登陆dashboard
1）查看kubernetes-dashboard名称空间下的secret
kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard
显示如下：
NAME TYPE DATA AGE default-token-vxd7t http://kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 5m27s kubernetes-dashboard-certs Opaque 0 5m27s kubernetes-dashboard-csrf Opaque 1 5m27s kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder Opaque 2 5m27s kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg http://kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 5m27s 2）找到对应的带有token的kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg
kubectl describe secret kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg -n kubernetes-dashboard
显示如下：
...
... token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjZUTVVGMDN4enFTREpqV0s3cDRWa254cTRPc2xPRTZ3bk8wcFJBSy1JSzgifQ.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.WQFE0ygYdKkUjaQjFFU-BeWqys07J98N24R_azv6f-o9AB8Zy1bFWZcNrOlo6WYQuh-xoR8tc5ZDuLQlnZMBSwl2jo9E9FLZuEt7klTfXf4TkrQGLCxzDMD5c2nXbdDdLDtRbSwQMcQwePwp5WTAfuLyqJPFs22Xi2awpLRzbHn3ei_czNuamWUuoGHe6kP_rTnu6OUpVf1txi9C1Tg_3fM2ibNy-NWXLvrxilG3x3SbW1A3G6Y2Vbt1NxqVNtHRRQsYCvTnp3NZQqotV0-TxnvRJ3SLo_X6oxdUVnqt3DZgebyIbmg3wvgAzGmuSLlqMJ-mKQ7cNYMFR2Z8vnhhtA
记住token后面的值，把下面的token值复制到浏览器token登陆处即可登陆：
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjZUTVVGMDN4enFTREpqV0s3cDRWa254cTRPc2xPRTZ3bk8wcFJBSy1JSzgifQ.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.WQFE0ygYdKkUjaQjFFU-BeWqys07J98N24R_azv6f-o9AB8Zy1bFWZcNrOlo6WYQuh-xoR8tc5ZDuLQlnZMBSwl2jo9E9FLZuEt7klTfXf4TkrQGLCxzDMD5c2nXbdDdLDtRbSwQMcQwePwp5WTAfuLyqJPFs22Xi2awpLRzbHn3ei_czNuamWUuoGHe6kP_rTnu6OUpVf1txi9C1Tg_3fM2ibNy-NWXLvrxilG3x3SbW1A3G6Y2Vbt1NxqVNtHRRQsYCvTnp3NZQqotV0-TxnvRJ3SLo_X6oxdUVnqt3DZgebyIbmg3wvgAzGmuSLlqMJ-mKQ7cNYMFR2Z8vnhhtA
点击sing in登陆，显示如下，默认是只能看到default名称空间内容
3.2 创建管理员token，可查看任何空间权限
kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-cluster-admin--clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kubernetes-dashboard:kubernetes-dashboard
1）查看kubernetes-dashboard名称空间下的secret
kubectl get secret -n kubernetes-dashboard
显示如下：
NAME TYPE DATA AGE default-token-vxd7t http://kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 5m27s kubernetes-dashboard-certs Opaque 0 5m27s kubernetes-dashboard-csrf Opaque 1 5m27s kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder Opaque 2 5m27s kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg http://kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 5m27s 2）找到对应的带有token的kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg
kubectl describe secret kubernetes-dashboard-token-ngcmg -n kubernetes-dashboard
显示如下：
...
... token: eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjZUTVVGMDN4enFTREpqV0s3cDRWa254cTRPc2xPRTZ3bk8wcFJBSy1JSzgifQ.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.WQFE0ygYdKkUjaQjFFU-BeWqys07J98N24R_azv6f-o9AB8Zy1bFWZcNrOlo6WYQuh-xoR8tc5ZDuLQlnZMBSwl2jo9E9FLZuEt7klTfXf4TkrQGLCxzDMD5c2nXbdDdLDtRbSwQMcQwePwp5WTAfuLyqJPFs22Xi2awpLRzbHn3ei_czNuamWUuoGHe6kP_rTnu6OUpVf1txi9C1Tg_3fM2ibNy-NWXLvrxilG3x3SbW1A3G6Y2Vbt1NxqVNtHRRQsYCvTnp3NZQqotV0-TxnvRJ3SLo_X6oxdUVnqt3DZgebyIbmg3wvgAzGmuSLlqMJ-mKQ7cNYMFR2Z8vnhhtA
记住token后面的值，把下面的token值复制到浏览器token登陆处即可登陆：
eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjZUTVVGMDN4enFTREpqV0s3cDRWa254cTRPc2xPRTZ3bk8wcFJBSy1JSzgifQ.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.WQFE0ygYdKkUjaQjFFU-BeWqys07J98N24R_azv6f-o9AB8Zy1bFWZcNrOlo6WYQuh-xoR8tc5ZDuLQlnZMBSwl2jo9E9FLZuEt7klTfXf4TkrQGLCxzDMD5c2nXbdDdLDtRbSwQMcQwePwp5WTAfuLyqJPFs22Xi2awpLRzbHn3ei_czNuamWUuoGHe6kP_rTnu6OUpVf1txi9C1Tg_3fM2ibNy-NWXLvrxilG3x3SbW1A3G6Y2Vbt1NxqVNtHRRQsYCvTnp3NZQqotV0-TxnvRJ3SLo_X6oxdUVnqt3DZgebyIbmg3wvgAzGmuSLlqMJ-mKQ7cNYMFR2Z8vnhhtA
点击sing in登陆，显示如下，这次就可以看到和操作任何名称空间的资源了
4.安装metrics组件
把metrics-server-amd64_0_3_1.tar.gz和addon.tar.gz镜像上传到各个节点，按照如下方法通过docker load -i解压，镜像地址在文章开头处的百度网盘里，可自行下载
docker load -i metrics-server-amd64_0_3_1.tar.gz
docker load -i addon.tar.gz
metrics-server版本0.3.1，用到的镜像是http://k8s.gcr.io/metrics-server-amd64:v0.3.1
addon-resizer版本是1.8.4，用到的镜像是http://k8s.gcr.io/addon-resizer:1.8.4
在k8s的master1节点操作
kubectl apply -f metrics.yaml
metrics.yaml文件内容在如下链接地址处复制
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3/master/metrics.yaml
上面如果访问不了，可以访问下面的链接，然后把下面的分支克隆和下载，手动把yaml文件传到master1上即可：
https://github.com/luckylucky421/kubernetes1.17.3
上面组件都安装之后，查看组件安装是否正常，STATUS状态是Running，说明组件正常，如下所示：
kubectl get pods -n kube-system -o wide
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATE calico-node-h66ll 1/1 Running 0 51m 192.168.0.56 node1 calico-node-r4k6w 1/1 Running 0 58m 192.168.0.6 master1 coredns-66bff467f8-2cj5k 1/1 Running 0 70m 10.244.0.3 master1 coredns-66bff467f8-nl9zt 1/1 Running 0 70m 10.244.0.2 master1 etcd-master1 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 kube-apiserver-master1 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 kube-controller-manager-master1 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 kube-proxy-qts4n 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 kube-proxy-x647c 1/1 Running 0 51m 192.168.0.56 node1 kube-scheduler-master1 1/1 Running 0 70m 192.168.0.6 master1 metrics-server-8459f8db8c-gqsks 2/2 Running 0 16s 10.244.1.6 node1 traefik-ingress-controller-xhcfb 1/1 Running 0 39m 192.168.0.6 master1 traefik-ingress-controller-zkdpt 1/1 Running 0 39m 192.168.0.56 node1
上面如果看到metrics-server-8459f8db8c-gqsks是running状态，说明metrics-server组件部署成功了，
接下来就可以在master1节点上使用kubectl top pods -n kube-system或者kubectl top nodes命令
