committeedocumentconsume resourcesfuelobsessesdominatespassionconsummate

consultative/ kEn5sQltEtIv; kEn`sQltEtIv/ adj of or for consulting; advisory 谘 询 的 ; 供 谘 询 的 ; 顾 问 的 : a consu

consultative

/ kEn5sQltEtIv; kEn`sQltEtIv/ adj of or for consulting; advisory 谘 询 的 ; 供 谘 询 的 ; 顾 问 的 : a consultative committee, document, etc 谘询委员会、 文件等.

consume

/ kEn5sju:m; ?@ -5su:m; kEn`sum/ v [Tn] 1 (a) use (sth) up 用 尽 , 消 耗 , 花 费 （ 某事 物 ） : consume resources, time, stores, etc 耗尽资源、时间、存物等 *| The car consumes a lot of fuel. 这辆汽车很费汽油. *| (rhet 修辞) He soon consumed his fortune, ie spent the money wastefully. 他很快就把财产挥霍殆尽. (b) destroy (sb/sth) by fire, decay, etc （因火烧、 衰败等）毁掉（某人[某物]）: The fire quickly consumed the wooden hut. 火焰很快地吞噬了那所小木屋. *| (fig 比喻) be consumed (ie filled) with envy, hatred, greed, etc 心中充满了忌妒、仇恨、贪欲等. 2 (fml 文) eat or drink (sth) 吃或喝（某物）.

consuming

adj [attrib 作定语] that obsesses or dominates sb 使人著迷的; 支配某人的: Building model trains is his consuming passion. 制作模型火车是他废寝忘食的爱好.

consumer

/ kEn5sju:mE(r); ?@ -su:-; kEn`sumL/ n person who buys goods or uses services 消费者; 顾客; 用户: Consumers are encouraged to complain about faulty goods. 要鼓励消费者对劣质商品投诉. *|electricity consumers 电力的用户 *| [attrib 作定语] consumer rights, protection, etc 消费者的权利、 保障等. Cf 参看 producer.

consumerism

/ -IzEm; -IzEm/ n [U] (campaigning for the) protection of consumers' interests 消费者利益的保护（运动）.

consumer durables

= durables (durable).

consumer goods

572goods bought and used by individual

customers, eg food, clothing, domestic appliances 消 费 品 . Cf 参 看 capital goods (capital2).

consummate

/ kEn5sQmEt; kEn`sQmIt/ adj [attrib 作定语] (fml 文) highly skilled; perfect 技艺高超的; 尽善尽美的: a consummate artist, performance, piece of work 高超的艺术家、 演出、 作品 *| She dealt with the problem with consummate skill. 她以巧妙的手腕处理了这个问题. *| (derog 贬) a consummate liar 瞎话大王.

consummate

/ 5kCnsEmeIt; `kBnsE9met/ v [Tn] (fml 文) 1 make (sth) complete or perfect 使（某事物）完整或圆满: This award consummates my life's work. 这个奖是我一生努力的圆满结果. 2 make (a marriage) legally complete by having sexual intercourse 完（婚）（行房）.

consummation

/ 9kCnsE5meIFn; 9kBnsE`meFEn/ n [C, U] action or point of completing, making perfect, or fulfilling 完 成 ; 臻 於 圆 满 ; 实 现 : the consummation of one's life's work, one's ambitions, a marriage 毕生努力的圆满成功、 夙愿的得偿、 完婚.

consumption

/ kEn5sQmpFn; kEn`sQmpFEn/ n [U] 1 (a) using up of food, energy, resources, etc （食物、 能量、 资源等的）消耗: The meat was declared unfit for human consumption. 这种肉已宣布不适宜人们食用. *| conspicuous consumption which is an affront to people on low incomes 使低收入者感到自惭形秽的那种铺张. (b) quantity used 消耗量: We have measured the car's fuel consumption. 我们测量了这辆汽车的汽油消耗量. 2 (dated 旧) tuberculosis of the lungs 肺痨; 肺结核.

consumptive

/ kEn5sQmptIv; kEn`sQmptIv/ adj (dated 旧 ) suffering or tending to suffer from consumption(2) （可能）患肺痨的.

consumptive

n consumptive person 肺痨患者.

cont

abbr 缩 写 = 1 contents. 2 (also contd) continued: cont on p 74 下接第 74 页.

contact

/ 5kCntAkt; `kBntAkt/ n 1 [U] ~ (with sb/sth) (a) state of touching (used esp with the vs shown) 接触（尤与下列示例中动词连用）: The two substances are now in contact (with each other), and a chemical reaction is occurring.

现在这两种物质（互相）接触产生了化学反应. *|His hand came into contact with (ie touched) a hot surface. 他的手触到热物体的表面. *| The label sticks on contact, ie when it touches a surface. 这标签一接触即可贴上. *| (fig 比喻) The troops came into contact with (ie met) the enemy. 部队已与敌人交锋（遭遇）. *| (fig 比喻) Pupils must be brought into contact with (ie exposed to) new ideas. 应该引导学生接触新思想.

(b) communication 通 讯 ; 联 系 ; 交 往 : in constant radio/telephone contact (with sb) （与某人）经常保持无线电[电话]联系 *| Beyond a certain distance we are out of contact with our headquarters. 我们跟总部超过一定距离通讯就会中断. *| She's lost contact with her son, ie no longer hears from him, knows where he is, etc. 她跟儿子失去了联系. *| two people avoiding eye contact, ie avoiding looking directly at each other 避免目光接触的两人. 2 [C] instance of meeting or communicating 接触; 会晤; 通讯; 联 系 ; 交 往 : extensive contacts with firms abroad 与国外公司的广泛的联系. 3 [C] person one has met or will meet, esp one who can be helpful 已接触或将接触的人（尤指於己有利的人）:

I have a useful contact in New York. 我在纽约有 个 有 用 的 人 可 以 联 系 . 4 [C] (a) electrical connection 电 流 的 接 触 ; 电 的 接 通 : A poor contact causes power to fail occasionally. 接触不良有时会造成断电. (b) device that makes an electrical connection 接触器; 电气接头; 触头: The switches close the contacts and complete the circuit. 这些开关可使接触器接通电流形成回路. 5 [C] (medical 医) person who may be infectious because he has recently been near to sb who has a contagious disease （因接触传染病人）可能受到传染者 ?w. 6 (idm 习语) make contact (with sb/sth) succeed in speaking to or meeting sb/sth 与某人[某事物]交谈、 会晤或取 得 联 系 : They made contact with headquarters by radio. 他们用无线电跟总部联络上 了. *| I finally made contact with her in Paris. 我 终 於 在 巴 黎 同 她 取 得 了 联 系 . make/break `contact complete/interrupt an electric circuit 接通[切断]电流.

contact

/ kEn5tAkt, 5kCntAkt; `kBntAkt/ v [Tn] reach (sb/sth) by telephone, radio, letter, etc; communicate with （用电话、 无线电、 书信等与某人[某事物]）联 系 ; 与 ... 来 往 : Where can I contact you tomorrow? 明天我在哪里能跟你联系?

573contact lens

/ 9kCntAkt 5lenz; `kBntAkt 9lZnz/ lens made of thin plastic placed on the surface of the eye to improve vision 接触眼镜; 隐形眼镜片.

contact print

photographic print made by placing a negative directly onto the printing paper and exposing it to light 接触印相照片（将底片直接置於印相纸上进行曝光而成）.

contagion

/ kEn5teIdVEn; kEn`tedVEn/ n 1 [U] spreadingof disease by being close to or touching other people （接）触（传）染. 2 [C] disease that can be spread by contact 接触传染病: Fear spread through the crowd like a contagion, ie quickly and harmfully. 人们心中的恐惧就像瘟疫似的蔓延开来. Cf 参看 infection.

contagious

/ kEn5teIdVEs; kEn`tedVEs/ adj 1 (a) (of a disease) spreading by contact （指疾病）（接）触（传）染的: Scarlet fever is highly contagious. 猩红热传染性很强. (b) (of a person) having a disease that can be spread to others by contact （指人）患传染病的, 带触染原的. 2 (fig 比喻) spreading easily from one person to another 容易感染他人 的 ; 感 染 性 的 : contagious laughter, enthusiasm, etc 容易感染别人的笑声、 热情等*| Yawning is contagious. 打呵欠是有感染性的.

contagiously

adv. Cf 参看 infectious.

contain

/ kEn5teIn; kEn`ten/ v [Tn] (not in the continuous tenses 不用於进行时态) 1 (a) have or hold (sth) within itself 包含; 含有: The atlas contains forty maps. 这地图集共有四十幅地图. *| Whisky contains a large percentage of alcohol. 威士忌所含酒精的百分比很高. *| What does that box contain? 那 个 盒 子 里 装 的 是 什 麽 ? *| Her statement contained several inaccuracies. 她的言词有几处不确切. (b) be capable of holding (sth) 可容纳（某事物）: This barrel contains 50 litres. 这 个 桶 容 量 为 50 升 . 2 (a) keep (sth/oneself) under control; keep within limits; hold back 控制（某事物[自己]）; 抑制; 克制: I was so furious I couldn't contain myself, ie had to express my feelings. 我气极了, 无法克制自己. *| Please contain your enthusiasm for a moment. 请你暂且控制住感情. *| She could hardly contain her excitement. 她抑制不住内心的 激 动 . (b) prevent (sth) from spreading

harmfully or becoming more serious 阻止（某事 物 ） 的 蔓 延 或 恶 化 : Has the revolt been contained? 叛乱是否已受到遏止? 3 (geometry 几) form the boundary of (sth) 作（某事物）的边: the angle contained by two sides of a triangle 三角形两边的夹角. 4 (mathematics 数) be capable of being divided by (a number) exactly 可被（某数）除尽; （某数）可整除: 12 contains 2, 3, 4 and 6 12 可被 2、 3、 4、 6除尽.

containment

n [U] keeping sth within limits, so that it cannot spread harmfully 阻止; 遏制: Until we'd built up sufficient forces to drive the invaders back, we pursued a policy of containment. 我们对入侵之敌采取牵制的方针, 以备组织好兵力将之击退.

container

/ kEn5teInE(r); kEn`tenL/ n 1 box, bottle, etc in which sth is kept, transported, etc 容器（如箱、瓶等）: The radioactive material is stored in a special radiation-proof container. 放射性材料贮存在防辐射的特殊容器内. 2 large metal box of standard size for transporting goods by road, rail, sea or air 货柜; 集装箱: [attrib 作定语] a `container train/ship/lorry, ie one designed to transport such containers 载货柜的列车[货船/卡车] *| `container traffic, depots, etc 货柜运输、 货运站等.

containerize, -ise

/ kEn5teInEraIz; kEn`tenE9raIz/v [Tn] 1 pack (goods) into a container(1, 2) 将（货物）装入容器或货柜（集装箱）. 2 convert (a dock, ship,etc) so that it can use containers (container 2) 使（码头、船舶等）货柜化（集装箱化）.

containerization, -isation

/ kEn9teInEraI5zeIFn; ?@ -rI5z-; kEn9tenErE`zeFEn/ n [U].

contaminate

/ kEn5tAmIneIt; kEn`tAmE9net/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth/sb (with sth) make sth/sb impure by adding dangerous or disease-carrying substances 使 某 事 物 [ 某 人 ] 受 污 染 : contaminated clothing, eg by radio-active material 受污染的衣物（如受放射性物质污染） *|a river contaminated by chemicals 受到化学物质污染的河流 *| Flies contaminate food. 苍蝇可 污 染 食 物 . *| (fig 比 喻 ) They are contaminating the minds of our young people with these subversive ideas. 他们这些颠覆作乱的思想是对我们年轻人的精神污染.

contaminant

574/ kEn5tAmInEnt; kEn`tAmEnEnt/ n (fml 文 )

substance that contaminates things 污染物; 污染物质.

contamination

/ kEn9tAmI5neIFn; kEn9tAmE`neFEn/ n [U] contaminating or being contaminated 污染: contamination of the water supply 给水系统的污染.

contd

abbr 缩写 = cont 2.

contemplate

/ 5kCntempleIt; `kBntEm9plet/ v 1 (a) [Tn, Tw] look at or consider (sth) thoughtfully 凝视, 打量, 思忖, 沉思（某事物）: She stood contemplating the painting. 她 站 著 审 视 那 幅 图 画 . *| He contemplated what the future would be like without the children. 他思忖著要是没有这些孩子, 将来又如何. (b) [I, Tn, Tw] meditate (upon sth), esp as a religious practice 冥思（某事物）（尤指一种宗教仪式）: a few quiet minutes in the middle of the day to sit and contemplate 中午时分静坐冥思的几分钟 *| contemplating the death of Our Lord 默祷上主之死难. 2 [Tn, Tg, Tsg] consider the possibility of (sth) 考虑（ 某 事 物 ） 的 可 能 性 ; 盘 算 ; 预 料 : She is contemplating a visit to (ie may visit) London. 她正打算去伦敦观光. *| I'm not contemplating retiring (ie I do not intend to retire) yet. 我尚未考虑退休问题. *| We don't contem-plate him opposing our plan, ie do not expect that he will oppose it. 我们预料他不会反对我们的计划.

contemplation

/ 9kCntem5pleIFn; 9kBntEm`pleFEn/ n 1 (a) [U] action of looking at sth/sb thoughtfully 凝视; 注视: He returned to his contemplation of the fire. 他重又凝视著那炉火. (b) [U, C] deep thought; meditation 沉思; 冥思: He sat there deep in contemplation. 他坐在那里沉思著. *| I'm sorry to interrupt your contemplations, but... 很抱歉打断了您的沉思, 可是.... 2 [U] consideration; intention 考 虑 ; 意 图 : the Government's contemplation of new measures 政府采取新措施的意图.

contemplative

/ kEn5templEtIv, 5kCntempleItIv; `kBn-tEm9pletIv/ adj 1 fond of contemplation; thoughtful 好沉思的; 深思熟虑的: a contemplative person, manner, look 深思熟虑的人、 态度、 表情. 2 engaging in religious meditation 进 行 默 观 的 : a contemplative order of nuns 注重默观的修女团.

contemplatively

adv.

contemporaneous

/ kEn9tempE5reInIEs; kEn9tZm-pE`renIEs/ adj ~ (with sb/sth) (fml 文) existing or happening at the same time 同时存在或发生的; 同时期的; 同时代的: contemporaneous events, developments, etc 同时期的事件、 发展等.

contemporaneously

adv.

contemporary

/ kEn5temprErI; ?@ -pErerI; kEn`tZm-pE9rZrI/ adj 1 ~ (with sb/sth) of the time or period being referred to; belonging to the same time 属於该时 代 或 该 时 期 的 ; 属 於 同 一 时 代 的 : Many contemporary writers condemned the emperor's actions. 当时的许多作家都谴责该皇帝的行径. *| a contemporary record of events, ie one made by people living at that time 同时代的大事记 *| Dickens was contemporary with Thackeray. 狄更斯与萨克莱属於同一时代. 2 of the present time; modern 当代的; 现代的: contemporary events, fashions 当代事件、 款式 *| furniture of contemporary style 现代风格的家具. =>Usage at new 用法见 new.

contemporary

n person who lives or lived at the same time as another 同 期 的 人 ; 同 辈 : She and I were contemporaries at college. 她和我在学院里是同学.

contempt

/ kEn5tempt; kEn`tZmpt/ n [U] 1 (a) ~ (for sb/sth) feeling that sb/sth is completely worthless and cannot be respected 轻视; 蔑视: I feel nothing but contempt for people who treat children so cruelly. 我鄙视如此虐待孩子的人. *|I shall treat that suggestion with the contempt it deserves. 我对那项建议理所当然嗤之以鼻. (b) (fml 文) state of being regarded as worthless and shameful 微 不 足 道 ; 耻 辱 : behaviour which is generally held in contempt, ie despised 被人看不起的行为. 2 ~ of/for sth disregard (of rules, danger, etc) 藐视, 不顾（规则、 危险等）: She rushed forward in complete contempt of danger. 她完全不顾危险往前冲去. *| remarks which betray a staggering contempt for the truth, ie are completely untrue 全然不顾事情真相的言论. 3 (idm 习语) beneath con`tempt completely unworthy of respect 不 齿 : Such conduct is beneath contempt. 这 种 举 动 为 人 所 不 齿 . familiarity 575breeds contempt => familiarity.

contemptible

/ kEn5temptEbl; kEn`tZmptEbl/ adj deserving contempt; despicable 不 齿 於 人 的 ; 可 鄙 的 :

contemptible cowardice 可鄙的胆怯.

contemptuous

/ kEn5temptFUEs; kEn`tZmptFJEs/ adj ~ (of sth/sb) feeling or showing contempt 鄙视的; 表示轻蔑的: a contemptuous person, attitude, remark 傲慢的人、 态度、 言语等 *| He threw it away with a contemptuous gesture. 他带著不屑一顾的样子把它扔了. *| be contemptuous of public opinion 蔑视舆论.

contemptuously

adv.

contempt of court (also contempt)

disobedience to an order made by a court of law; disrespect for a court or judge 蔑视法庭（不服从法庭或法官的命令）: She was jailed for contempt (of court). 她因藐视（法庭）罪被监禁.

contend

/ kEn5tend; kEn`tZnd/ v 1 [Ipr] ~ with/against sb/sth; ~ for sth struggle in order to overcome a rival, competitor or difficulty （与对手）竞争; （与他人）争夺; （与困难）拚搏: Several teams are contending for (ie trying to win) the prize. 有几个队在争夺锦标. *| She's had a lot of problems to contend with. 她有许多问题要解决. *| the captains of the contending (ie rival) teams 参与争夺的各个队的队长. 2 [Tf no passive 不用於被动语态] put forward (sth) as one's opinion; argue; assert 主张（某事物）; 争辩; 认为: I would contend that unemployment is our most serious social evil. 我认为失业是我们社会最为严重的弊病.

contender

n person who tries to win sth in competition with others 竞争者; 争夺者; 对手: the two contenders for the heavyweight title 重量级冠军的两名争夺者.

content

/ kEn5tent; kEn`tZnt/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ (with sth); ~ to do sth satisfied with what one has; not wanting more; happy 知足; 满足; 满意; 愉快: Are you content with your present salary? 你对你现在的薪水满意吗? *| Now that she has apologized, I am content. 既然她已经道了歉, 我也就满意了. *| He is content to stay in his present job. 他对现在的工作心满意足. *| He is content to remain where he is now. 他安於现状.

Cf 参看 contented.

content

n 1 [U] state of being content 满足; 满意: the quiet content of a well-fed child 孩子喂饱後不哭不闹的满足状. 2 (idm 习语) to one's heart's content => heart.

content

v [Tn.pr] ~ oneself with sth accept sth, even though one would have liked more or better 满足或满意於某事物（虽然可能有更高的要求）: As there's no cream, we'll have to content ourselves with black coffee. 既然没有奶油, 我们只好喝清咖啡算了. contented adj showing or feeling content; satisfied 表示或感到满意或满足的; 心满意足的: a contented person, cat, smile, etc 心满意足的人、 猫、 微笑等.

contentedly

adv.

contentment

n [U] state of being content 满足; 满意: with a smile of contentment 带著心满意足的微笑.

content

/ 5kCntent; `kBntZnt/ n 1 contents [pl] that which is contained in sth 所容纳之物; 所含之物; 内容: the contents of a room, box, bottle, pocket 屋、盒、 瓶、 衣袋里的东西 *| The drawer had been emptied of its contents. 抽屉已经腾空了. *|She hadn't read the letter and so was unaware of its contents. 她没有看那封信, 所以不知道信的内容. *| At the front of the book is a table of contents, giving details of what is in the book. 书的前部有目录, 详列了书中的内容. 2 [sing] that which is written or spoken about in a book, an article, a programme, a speech, etc （书、 文章、 节目、 演说等的）内容: The content of your essay is excellent, but it's not very well expressed. 你那篇文章的内容好极了, 但是表达方式不太好. 3 [sing] (preceded by a n 用於名词之後) amount of sth contained in sth else 容量; 含量: the silver content of a coin 硬币中银的含量 *| food with a high fat content 脂肪含量高的食物.

contention

/ kEn5tenFn; kEn`tZnFEn/ n 1 [U] ~ (for sth/to do sth) contending (contend 1); competition 争夺; 竞争: two teams in contention for the title/to win the title, ie competing for it 争夺冠军的两个队. 2 [U] contending (contend 2); angry disagreement 争辩; 争论; 争吵: This is not a time for contention. 这不是争论的时候. 3 [C] ~ 576(that...) assertion made in an argument （辩论

时提出的）论点: It is my contention that... 我的论点是.... 4 (idm 习语) a bone of contention => bone.

contiguous

/ kEn5tIgjUEs; kEn`tI^jJEs/ adj ~ (to/with sth) (fml 文) touching; neighbouring; near 挨著的; 相邻的 ; 邻 近 的 : the northern province and contiguous areas 北方省份及邻近区域 *| The garden is contiguous to the field. 这个花园紧挨著农田.

contiguity

/ 9kCntI5gju:EtI; 9kBntI`^juEtI/ n [U] (fml 文) being contiguous 接触; 相邻; 邻近.

continence

/ 5kCntInEns; `kBntEnEns/ n [U] 1 (fml 文) control of one's feelings, esp in sexual matters （感情的）节制; （尤指）节制性欲. 2 (medical 医) ability to control one's bladder and bowels 大小便的自控能力.

continent

/ 5kCntInEnt; `kBntEnEnt/ n 1 each of the main land masses of the Earth (Europe, Asia, Africa, etc) （地球上的）大洲之一（欧洲、亚洲、非洲等）; 洲; 大陆. 2 the Continent [sing] (Brit) the mainland of Europe 欧 洲 大 陆 : holidaying on the Continent 在欧洲大陆度假.

continental

/ 9kCntI5nentl; 9kBntE`nZntl/ adj 1 belonging to or typical of a continent 大 陆 的 ; 大 陆 性 的 : a ,continental `climate 大陆性气候. 2 (also Continental) (Brit) of the mainland of Europe 欧洲大陆的: ,continental `wars, al`liances, etc 欧洲大陆的战争、 联盟等 *| a continental holiday 在欧洲大陆的假日.

continental

n (Brit often derog 常作贬义) inhabitant of the mainland of Europe （欧洲）大陆人.

continental breakfast

light breakfast typically consisting only of coffee and rolls with jam 欧洲大陆式早餐（仅有咖啡和果酱面包）. Cf 参看 English breakfast (English). ,continental `drift the slow movement of the continents towards and away from each other during the history of the Earth 大陆漂移（地球史上各大陆之间产生相对位移的缓慢运动）.

continent

/ 5kCntInEnt; `kBntEnEnt/ adj 1 (fml 文) having control of one's feelings and (esp sexual) desires 有节制的; 节制欲望的（尤指性欲）. 2

(medical 医) able to control one's bladder and bowels 大小便控制力正常的.

contingency

/ kEn5tIndVEnsI; kEn`tIndVEnsI/ n event that may or may not occur; event that happens by chance 可能发生也可能不发生的事件; 偶发事件: Be prepared for all possible contingencies, ie for whatever may happen. 要准备应付一切可能发生 的 事 件 . *| [attrib 作 定 语 ] contingency plans/arrangements 应变计划[安排].

contingent

/ kEn5tIndVEnt; kEn`tIndVEnt/ adj (fml 文 ) 1 ~ on/upon sth dependent on sth that may or may not happen 依可能发生也可能不发生的情况而定: Our success is contingent upon your continued help. 我们的成功全靠你的不断帮助. 2 uncertain; accidental 不能确定的; 偶然的: a contingent advantage, effect, etc 意外的好处、结果等.

contingent

/ kEn5tIndVEnt; kEn`tIndVEnt/ n [CGp] 1 number of troops supplied to form part of a larger force 分遣队; 小分队: a small British contingent in the UN peace-keeping force 联合国维持和平部队的英国小分队. 2 group of people sharing particular characteristics (eg place of origin) attending a gathering 参加某集会的一批具有某共同点（如所属地区）的人; 代表团: A large contingent from Japan was present at the conference. 来自日本的一个大代表团出席了会议.

*| There were the usual protests from the anti-abortion contingent. 反对堕胎的人照例提出了抗议.

continual

/ kEn5tInjUEl; kEn`tInjJEl/ adj (esp derog 尤作贬义) going on all the time without stopping, or repeatedly 继续不断的; 一再重复的: continual rain, talking, interruptions 不停的雨、 谈话、打扰 *| How do we prevent these continual breakdowns? 我们如何防止这些一再出现的故障?

continually

/ -jUElI; -jJElI/ adv without stopping; repeatedly 不停地; 一再地: They're continually arguing. 他们争吵不休. *| I continually have to remind him of his responsibilities. 我得一再提醒他记住他的责任.

continual

NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Compare continual and continuous. 试 比 较 continual 和continuous. Continual usually describes an 577action which is repeated again and again

*|continual 一般指多次重复的动作: Please stop

your continual questions. 请不要再接二连三地

提问了. *| He was continually late for work. 他

上班总是迟到. Continuous indicates that the

action or object carries on without stopping or

interruption *|continuous: They chattered

continuously for an hour. 他们唠唠叨叨足有一

个小时. *| a continuous flow of traffic 接连不断

的来往车辆.

continuance

/ kEn5tInjUEns; kEn`tInjJEns/ n [sing] (fml 文 )

continuing existence; remaining; staying 继续

的 存 在 ; 持 续 ; 停 留 : Can we hope for a

continuance of this fine weather? 我们能够指

望这样的好天气再持续一段时间吗? *| We can no

longer support the President's continuance in

office. 我们不能再支持总统连任.

continuation

/ kEn9tInjU5eIFn; kEn9tInjJ`eFEn/ n 1 [U, sing] (a)

carrying sth on beyond a certain point without

stopping; prolongation 继续; 延续; 持续: He

argued for a continuation of the search. 他主

张继续进行搜查. (b) starting again after a stop;

resumption （停止後的）再开始; （中断後的）

再继续: Continuation of play after the tea

interval was ruled out by rain. 原定茶点小憩後

继续进行的比赛因下雨而取消了. 2 [C] thing that

continues or extends sth else （某事物的）延续

或延长部分: This road is a continuation of the

motorway. 这条公路是高速公路的延伸. 3 [C] (US

law 律 ) temporary stopping of a trial;

adjournment （法庭的）休庭, 休会.

continue

/ kEn5tInju:; kEn`tInju/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Ip, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] (cause sth to) go or move further （使某

事 物 ）继 续 , 延 续 : How far does the road

continue? 这 条 路 有 多 长 ? *| The desert

continued as far as the eye could see. 沙漠一直

伸展到视线的尽头. *| We continued up the

mountain on horseback. 我们骑著马继续上山.

*| They continued down until they came to

some pockets of natural gas. 他们继续往下钻, 终 於找 到了一 些天 然气的 气阱 . *| It's been

decided to continue the motorway (to the

coast), ie build more of it until it reaches the

coast. 已决定将高速公路延长（至海滨）. 2 [La, I, Ipr, Tn, Tt, Tg] ~ (with sth) (cause sth to) go on

existing or happening; not stop （使某事物）继

续 存 在 或 不 断 发 生 ; 不 停 : Circumstances

continue (to be) favourable. . *| Wet weather may continue for a few more days. 多雨的天气可能还要持续好几天. *| We will continue (with) the payments for another year. 我们这样的报酬还要再维持一年. *| In spite of my efforts to pacify it the baby continued to cry/continued crying. 尽管我已尽力哄这婴儿, 可是他还是哭个不 停 . *| How can you continue to work/continue working with all that noise going on? 你在那不停的噪声中怎麽能工作得下去呀? 3 [Ipr] stay; remain 留在原处; 继续保持: He is to continue as manager. 他要继续当经理. *|continue at school, in one's job, etc 继续求学、任职等. 4 (a) [I, Tn, Tt, Tg] start again after stopping; resume （停止後）再开始; （中断後）再继续: The story continues/is continued in the next issue of the magazine. 这个故事在该杂志的下一期里继续刊载. *| We continued to rehearse/continued rehearsing the chorus after the break. 休息之後我们继续排练合唱节目.

(b) [I, Tn] speak or say (sth) again after stopping （停顿後）继续说: Please continue; I didn't mean to interrupt. 请往下说, 我不是有意打 断 你 的 话 的 . *| `And what's more,' he continued, `they wouldn't even let me in!' ｀这还不算,＇ 他接著说: ｀他们甚至不让我进去!＇ continued

adj [attrib 作定语] going on without stopping 继续不停的: continued opposition, resistance, etc 持续的反对、 抵抗等.

continuity

/ 9kCntI5nju:EtI; ?@ -5nu:-; 9kBntE`nuEtI/ n [U] 1 state of being continuous 继续 ; 连续 : We must ensure continuity of fuel supplies. 我们应该确保燃料供给不中断. 2 logical connection between parts of a sequence 连续 性 ; 持 续 性 : This article lacks continuity; the writer keeps jumping from one subject to another. 这篇文章缺乏连贯性, 作者一味东拉西扯, 格局无章. 3 (cinema or TV 影或视) correct sequence of action in a film, etc （电影等各场景的）串联, 衔接: Continuity is ensured by using the same props in successive scenes. 在连续的场景中使用同样的道具以确保前後衔接. *| [attrib 作定语] a conti`nuity girl, ie one who makes sure the correct sequence is kept 女场记员（负责各场的顺序衔接正确无误者）. 4 (broadcasting 播) connecting comments,announcements, etc made between broadcasts （广播节目之间主持 578人的）串联词、 说明词等: [attrib 作定语] a

continuity announcer 插白广播员.

continuous

/ kEn5tInjUEs; kEn`tInjJEs/ adj going on without

stopping or being interrupted 继续不停的; 不

间断的: Is this a continuous flight, or do we

stop off anywhere? 我们是不著陆的连续飞行呢, 还是要在中途的什麽地方停一停? *| Our political

institutions are in continuous evolution. 我们

的政治制度正在不断发展中. *| A continuous belt

feeds components into the machine. 无极带把

零件送入机器里. *| continuous assessment, ie

evaluation of a student's progress throughout

a course of study (instead of by examination

alone) 连续性评定（对学生在整个学习过程中所取

得的进步的评价, 用以代替单独的考试）. =>Usage

at continual 用法见 continual. > continuously

adv.

continuous tense (also progressive tense)

(grammar) phrase consisting of part of be and

a verb ending in -ing which expresses an

action that continues over a period of time, as

in `I am/was writing', `They are/were singing'

进行时态（由 be 的一种形式和以-ing 结尾的动词构

成 的词组 , 表示 持续 一段时 间的动 作 , 如 : `I

am/was writing', `They are/were singing'.

continuum

/ kEn5tInjUEm; kEn`tInjJEm/ n (pl ~s or -ua/ -UE; -JE/)

graded sequence of things of a similar kind, so

that the ones next to each other are almost

identical, but the ones at either end are quite

distinct; cline 连续统一体.

contort

/ kEn5tR:t; kEn`tRrt/ v [I, Ipr, Tn] ~ (sth) (with sth)

(cause sth to) twist out of its natural shape

（使某物）扭曲, 走样: Her face contorted/was

contorted with pain. 她的脸因疼痛而走了样. *|

contorted branches, limbs, etc 弯弯曲曲的枝

桠、 主枝等 *| (fig 比喻) a contorted (ie too

complicated) explanation, excuse, etc 拐弯抹

角的解释、 辩解等.

contortion

/ kEn5tR:Fn; kEn`tRrFEn/ (a) [U] contortingor being

contorted (esp of the face or body) 扭曲, 扭歪, 走样（尤指脸部或躯体）. (b) [C] instance or result

of this 扭曲; 扭歪; 走样: the contortions of a

yoga expert 瑜伽高手的柔软动作.

contortionist

/ -FEnIst; -FEnIst/ n person who is skilled in

contorting his body 柔软杂技表演者.

contour

/ 5kCntUE(r); `kBntJr/ n 1 outward curve of sth/sb

(eg a coast, mountain range, body) thought of as defining its shape 轮廓, 外形（如海岸、山脉、身体的轮廓线）: the smooth contours of a sculpture 雕 塑 物 的 平 滑 的 轮 廓 线 . 2 (also `contour line) line on a map joining points that are the same height above sea level 等高线.

=>illus at map 见 map 之插图.

contour

v [Tn] 1 mark (a map) with contour lines 在（地图）上标出等高线. 2 build (a road) so that it follows the contours of a hill （顺著山的起伏）修筑（道路）.

contour map

map with contour lines representing fixed intervals on the ground, eg of 25 metres 等高线地图.

contra

comb form 构 词 成 分 against 反 对 ; 相 反 : contraflow.

contra

pref 前缀 1 (with vs and ns 用於动词和名词之前 ) opposite to; against 与 ... 相 反 ; 反 对 : contra-distinction *| contra-indication *|`contraflow. 2 (with ns 用於名词之前) (music 音) having a pitch an octave below 声音低八度的: contra-bassoon.

contra-indication

/ 9kCntrEIndI5keIFn; 9kBntrE9IndE`ke-FEn/ n (medical 医) sign that a particular drug may be harmful 禁忌症; 禁忌徵象: The contra-indications listed for the pills meant that she could not take them. 这种药丸所列的禁忌症表明, 她不能服用.

contraband

/ 5kCntrEbAnd; `kBntrE9bAnd/ n [U] goods brought into or taken out of a country illegally （非法带入或带出国境的）违禁品; 走私货: [attrib 作定语] contraband goods 违禁货物.

contraception

/ 9kCntrE5sepFn; 9kBntrE`sZpFEn/ n [U] preventing of conception(1) 避孕; 节育.

contraceptive

/ 9kCntrE5septIv; 9kBntrE`sZptIv/ n device or drug for preventing conception 避 孕 器 ; 避 孕 剂 . adj preventing conception 避孕的; 避孕用的: a contraceptive pill, device, drug, etc 避孕丸、 避孕器、 避孕剂.

contract

/ 5kCntrAkt; `kBntrAkt/ n 1 ~ (with sb) (for sth/to do sth) legally binding agreement, usu in writing 合 同 ; 契 约 : You shouldn't enter into/make a contract until you have studied 579its provisions carefully. 你应该先仔细研究合同

的条款, 然後再签订. *| We have a contract with the Government for the supply of vehicles/to supply vehicles. 我们在提供车辆方面与政府订有合约. *| When the legal formalities have been settled, the buyer and seller of a house can exchange contracts, ie to complete their agreement legally. 房子的买方和卖方办妥法律手续即可交换契约. *| He has agreed salary terms and is ready to sign a new contract, ie of employment. 他同意了薪金条件, 准备签新合同.

*| I'm not a permanent employee; I'm working here on a fixed-term contract. 我并不是永久雇员, 而是根据定期合同在此工作的. *| [attrib 作定语] the contract price, date, etc, ie the price, date, etc agreed to 合同价格、 日期等 *| a contract worker, ie employed on a contract 合同工. 2 (idm 习语) be under contract (to sb) have made a contract to work (for sb) 立约（为某人）工作: a pop group that is under contract to one of the big record companies 与一家大唱片公司签有合约的流行音乐乐队. put sth out to `contract invite people to make a contract to do work, supply (goods, etc) 请人承包工作、 供货等事: We haven't the resources to do the work ourselves, so we'll put it out to contract. 我们自己无法做这项工作, 所以要承包出去.

contractual

/ kEn5trktFUEl; kEn`trAktFJEl/ adj of or contained in a contract 合 同 的 ; 契 约 性 的 : contractual liability, obligations, etc 合同责任、 义务等.

contract bridge

type of bridge2 in which a player can gain points only with tricks which he had undertaken to win before the game started 定约桥牌.

contract

/ kEn5trAkt; kEn`trAkt/ v 1 (a) [Ipr, It] ~ with sb for sth make (a legal agreement) with sb for a purpose 与某人签订（合同或契约）: contract with a firm for the supply of fuel, ie agree to buy fuel from it 与一家公司就供应燃料一事签订合同 *| Having contracted (with them) to do the repairs, we cannot withdraw now. 我们（与他们）订有维修合约, 现在不能撤消. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sb) (fml 文) enter into or undertake sth formally 正式缔结或确定（某事物）: She had contracted a most unsuitable marriage. 她订下的婚约极不匹配. *| contract an alliance with a neighbouring state 与邻国缔结同盟. 2 [Tn] (a)

catch or develop (an illness) 感染（疾病）: contract measles, a cold, etc 患麻疹、 感冒等. (b) (fml 文 ) acquire (sth) 招 致 （ 某 事 物 ） : contract debts, bad habits 负债、 染上恶习. 3 (phr v) contract `out (of sth) (Brit) withdraw from, or not enter into, an agreement which applies to a large group 退出或不参加某合约:

You can contract out (of the pension scheme) if you wish. 你愿意的话, 可以退出（这个养老金计划）. contract sth out (to sb) arrange for (work) to be done by another firm rather than one's own 把工作包出去（让别人做）.

contractor

n person or firm that does jobs (esp construction) under contract 订约者; （尤指建筑工程的）承包人, 承包商: a building contractor 承建商 *| a firm of defence contractors, ie who make weapons, etc 军火承包商 *| Who were the contractors on the new motorway? ie Who built it? 谁是这条新高速公路的承包人?

contract

/ kEn5trAkt; kEn`trAkt/ v [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) (to sth) 1 make or become smaller or shorter （使）缩小, 缩短, 缩约: Metals contract as they get cooler. 金属遇冷则收缩. *| `I will' can be contracted to `I'll'. Iwill 可缩写为 I'll. *| (fig 比喻) Our business has contracted a lot recently. 我们 的生意近 来大为减 少了 . 2 (cause sth to) become tighter or narrower; constrict （使某物）紧缩或收缩; 缩: contract a muscle 收缩肌肉 *|The tunnel contracts to a narrow passageway as you go deeper. 再往里走, 坑道缩小成了一条窄窄的通道. Cf 参看 expand.

contractible

adj that can be contracted 可收缩的; 有收缩性的.

contractile

/ kEn5trAktaIl; ?@ -tl; kEn`trAktl/ adj (fml 文) that can contract or be contracted 可收缩的; 有收缩力的; 有收缩性的: contractile tissue 可缩组织.

contraction

/ kEn5trAkFn; kEn`trAkFEn/ n 1 [U] contracting or being contracted 缩小; 缩短; 紧缩; 收缩: the contraction of a muscle 肌肉的收缩. 2 [C] (medical 医 ) tightening of the womb that occurs at intervals in the hours preceding childbirth （分娩时阵发性的）子宫收缩. 3 [C] shortened form at a word 词的缩约形式; 缩约词: `Can't' is a contraction of `cannot'. can't 是 580cannot 的缩约形式.

contradict

/ 9kCntrE5dIkt; 9kBntrE`dIkt/ v 1 [I, Tn] say sth that

conflicts with (sth said or written) by (sb), suggesting that the person is mistaken or not

telling the truth 反驳（某人）的（言论或文字）;

批驳; 驳斥: That is true, and don't you dare

contradict (me). 这是事实, 你还敢（跟我）强嘴.

*| The speaker had got confused, and started

contradicting himself. 演讲者弄糊涂了, 说话自

相矛盾起来. 2 [Tn] (of facts, evidence, etc) be

contrary to (sth); conflict with （指事实、 证据

等）与（某事物）相反, 或相矛盾: The two

statements contradict each other. 两种说法互

相抵触. *| The report contradicts what we

heard yesterday. 这个报告与我们昨天听到的有

矛盾.

contradiction

/ 9kCntrE5dIkFn; 9kBntrE`dIkFEn/ n 1 (a) [U]

contradicting 反驳; 矛盾; 对立: She will permit

no contradiction. 她决不允许有异议. (b) [C]

instance of this 矛 盾 : That's a flat

contradiction of what you said before. 这可和

你以前说的恰恰相反. 2 ~ (between sth and sth)

(a) [U] absence of agreement (between

statements, facts, etc) （两种说法、 事实等之间

的）不一致, 矛盾, 对立: I find no contradiction

between his publicly expressed opinions and

his private actions. 我觉得他的公开言论与私下

行为并无二致. *| His private actions are in

direct contradiction to/with (ie directly

contradict) his publicly expressed opinions.

他私下的行为跟公开的言论完全是两码事. (b) [C]

instance of this 不一致; 矛盾; 对立: It's a

contradiction to love animals and yet wear

furs. 又爱护动物又穿毛皮服装, 是自相矛盾的. 3

(idm 习 语 ) a ,contradiction in `terms

statement containing two words which

contradict each other's meaning 语词矛盾: `A

generous miser' is a contradiction in terms. ｀

慷慨的吝啬鬼＇在用词上自相矛盾.

contradictory

/ 9kCntrE5dIktErI; 9kBntrE`dIktErI/ adj contradicting

互 相 矛 盾 的 ; 互 相 对 立 的 : contradictory

statements, reports, etc 互相矛盾的说法、 报告

等.

contradistinction

/ 9kCntrEdI5stINkFn; 9kBntrEdI`stINkFEn/ n (idm 习语)

in contradistinction to sth/sb (fml 文 ) by

contrast with sth/sb; as opposed to sth/sb 以

别於某事物[某人]; 与某事物[某人]相反: I refer specifically to permanent residents, in contradistinction to temporary visitors. 我是专指永久居民而言, 以别於临时访客.

contraflow

/ 5kCntrEflEU; `kBntrE9flo/ n [U, C] transferring of traffic from its usual half of the road to the other half, so that it shares the lane with traffic coming in the other direction 逆道行驶（车辆在迎面来车一边的道路上逆行）: [attrib 作定语] While repairs are being carried out on this part of the motorway, a contraflow system is in operation. 高速公路的这一部分正进行维修, 现实行逆道行驶. =>illus at App 1 见附录 1 之插图, page xiii.

contralto

/ kEn5trAltEU; kEn`trAlto/ (also alto) n (pl ~s) 1 lowest female voice 女 低 音 : She sings contralto. 她 唱 女 低 音 . 2 woman with, or musical part to be sung by, such a voice 女低音歌手; 乐曲的女低音部分: A gifted young contralto. 有天赋的年轻女低音歌手.

contraption

/ kEn5trApFn; kEn`trApFEn/ n (infml 口) apparatus or device, esp a strange or complicated one 器械或装置（尤指新奇或复杂的玩意儿）: a peculiar contraption for removing pips from oranges 可以除去柑橘的子的稀奇玩意儿.

contrapuntal

/ 9kCntrE5pQntl; 9kBntrE`pQntl/ adj (music 音) of or in counterpoint 对位法的; 复调音乐的.

contrariwise

/ 5kCntrErIwaIz; ?@ -trerI-; `kBntrZrI9waIz/ adv 1 on the contrary; on the other hand 相反; 在另一方面 : He always gives permission; she, contrariwise, always refuses it. 他总是予以应允; 她则相反, 总是拒绝. *| `Don't you find him very rude?' `Contrariwise! I think he's most polite.' ｀你是否觉得他很粗野?＇｀恰恰相反! 我认为他非常有礼貌.＇ 2 in the opposite way 以相反的方式: I work from left to right, he works contrariwise. 我从左边干到右边, 他从右边干到左边. 3/ kEn5treErIwaIz; kEn`trZrIwaIz/ perversely; in a way that shows opposition 一意孤行地; 表示 相 反 地 ; 作 对 地 : They know they're not allowed to park there, but, contrariwise, they always do. 他们明知不准在那里停车, 却偏偏总要把车停在那里.

contrary

/ 5kCntrErI; ?@ -trerI; `kBntrZrI/ adj [usu attrib 通常 581作 定 语 ] opposite in nature, tendency or

direction （在性质、 倾向或方向等上）相反的, 相违的: contrary beliefs 截然相反的信仰 *| traffic moving in contrary directions 来来往往的车辆*| `Hot' and `cold' are contrary terms. ｀热＇和｀冷＇是一对反义词. *| The ship was delayed by contrary winds, ie blowing against the direction of travel. 航船因遇逆风而延误了.

contrarily

/ -rIlI; ?@ -rElI; -rElI/ adv in a contrary manner 相反地; 反而.

contrary to

prep in opposition to (sth); against 违反（某事物）; 对抗: be contrary to the law, rules, etc 违反法律、规则等 *| The results were contrary to expectation. 结果与预期的相反. *| Contrary to the doctor's orders, he had gone back to work. 他不听医生的吩咐, 又回去工作了.

contrary

/ 5kCntrErI; ?@ -trerI; `kBntrZrI/ n 1 the contrary [sing] the opposite 反面; 对立面: The contrary of `wet' is `dry'. ｀湿＇的对立面是｀乾＇. *| I've never opposed it. The contrary is true: I've always supported it. 我从未反对过它. 恰恰相反:

我一贯支持它. 2 (idm 习语) by contraries in an opposite way to what is expected 与预期的相反: Many events in our lives go by contraries. 我们的生活中有不少事与愿违的情况. on the `contrary the opposite is true; not at all 与此相反; 正相反: It doesn't seem ugly to me; on the contrary, I think it's rather beautiful. 我觉得它并不丑, 恰恰相反, 它挺美. to the `contrary indicating or proving the opposite 与此相反（的）: I will come on Monday unless you write to the contrary, ie telling me not to come. 我将於星期一前来, 除非你写信叫我别来. *| I will continue to believe it until I get proof to the contrary, ie that it is not true. 我仍然相信这一点, 除非能证明它与此相反.

contrary

/ kEn5treErI; kEn`trZrI/ adj obstinately refusingto help or obey 好与人作对的; 执拗的: He's an awkward, contrary child. 他是个又麻烦又不听话的孩子.

contrarily

adv.

contrariness

n [U].

contrast

/ kEn5trB:st; ?@ -5trAst; kEn`trAst/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ A and/with B compare (two people or things) so that differences are made clear 对比（以显出两

人或事物的差异）: It is interesting to contrast the two writers. 将这两位作家加以比较是很有意思的. *| contrast his work and/with hers 把他的作品与她的作品加以比较. 2 [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb/sth) show a difference when compared （通过 对 比 ） 显 出 差 异 ; 形 成 对 照 : Her actions contrasted sharply with her promises. 她的行动与她的诺言有天壤之别. *| Her actions and her promises contrasted sharply, ie She did not do as she had promised. 她的行动与她的诺言相去甚远.

contrast

/ 5kCntrB:st; ?@ -trAst; `kBntrAst/ n ~ (to/with sb/sth); ~ (between A and B) 1 [U] action of contrasting 对比; 相比: Careful contrast of the two plans shows up some key differences. 把这两个计划仔细地加以对比就可以看出一些关键性的差异. *| His white hair was in sharp contrast to (ie was very noticeably different from) his dark skin. 他的白头发与黑皮肤形成了鲜明的对比. *| She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, by contrast, had done very well. 她考试差点不及格, 而她的妹妹相比之下考得很好. *| In contrast with their system, ours seems very old-fashioned. 我们的制度与他们的相比, 显得过於守旧了. 2 [C, U] difference clearly seen when unlike things are compared or put together; thing showing such a difference 明显的差异; 对照: The white walls make a contrast with the black carpet. 白色的墙壁与黑色的地毯形成了鲜明的对照. *| There is a remarkable contrast between the two brothers. 他们兄弟俩截然不同. *| The work you did today is quite a contrast to (eg noticeably better/worse than) what you did last week. 你今天干的活儿跟你上周干的判然不同（如明显地要好[不如]）. *| The contrast of light and shade is important in photography. 在摄影艺术中明暗的反差是很重要的.

contravene

/ 9kCntrE5vi:n; 9kBntrE`vin/ v [Tn] 1 act or be contrary to (a law, etc); break 违犯（法律等）; 违反: You are contravening the regulations. 你违反了规定. *| Her actions contravene the rules. 她的所作所为违反了规定. 2 (of things) conflict with (sth); not agree with （指事物）与（某事物）相抵触; 不合於...: This evidence contravenes our theory. 这个证据跟我们的理论不相符.

contravention

/ 9kCntrE5venFn; 9kBntrE`vZnFEn/ n [C, U] (act of) contravening (a law, etc) （对法律等的）违犯, 违 582反: a blatant contravention of the treaty 公然违

背条约的行为 *| acting in direct contravention of (ie against) my wishes 跟我的愿望完全背道而驰.

contretemps

/ 5kCntrEtCm; `kBntrE9tB/ n (pl unchanged 复数不变) (French fml or joc 法, 文或谑) unfortunate event; mishap; set-back 不幸事件; 灾祸; 挫折.

contribute

/ kEn5trIbju:t; kEn`trIbjJt/ v 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tw] ~ (sth) (to/towards sth) give one's share of (money, help, advice, etc) to help a joint cause 出（钱、 力、 主意等）; 捐助; 捐赠; 贡献:

contribute (ten pounds) to a charity collection 捐献（十镑）给慈善事业 *| contribute aid for refugees 向难民提供援助 *| Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford. 人人都应该 尽 自 己 的 能 力 作 贡 献 . *| The chairman encourages everyone to contribute to (ie take part in) the discussion. 主席鼓励大家参与讨论.

2 [Ipr] ~ to sth increase sth; add to sth 增加某事 物 ; 添 加 到 某 事 物 中 : Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject. 她的著作极有助於我们对这个困难问题的了解. 3 [Ipr] ~ to sth help to cause sth 促 成 某 事 物 : Does smoking contribute to lung cancer? 吸烟会导致肺癌吗? 4 [Ipr, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) to sth write (articles, etc) for a publication 撰稿; 投（稿）: She has contributed (several poems) to literary magazines. 她给文学刊物投了（几首诗）稿.

contributor

n person who contributes (money to a fund, articles to a magazine, etc) 捐款人; 捐助者; 投稿者.

contribution

/ 9kCntrI5bju:Fn; 9kBntrE`bjuFEn/ n ~ (to/towards sth) (a) [U] action of contributing 捐款; 捐助; 贡献; 促 成 ; 投 稿 : the contribution of money to charity 慈善捐款. (b) [C] thing contributed 捐赠物; 稿件: a small contribution (ie of money) to the collection 少量捐款 *| The editor is short of contributions (ie articles) for the May issue. 编辑缺少五月号刊物用的稿件. *| (fig 比喻) The signing of such a treaty would be a major contribution towards (ie would help greatly to bring about) world peace. 签订这样一项条约, 是对世界和平的重大贡献.

contributory

/ kEn5trIbjUtErI; ?@ -tR:rI; kEn`trIbjE9tRrI/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] 1 helping to cause sth 促成

某事物的; 有助於某事物的: a contributory factor, cause, etc 起 促成 作用 的因 素、 原 因等 *|contributory negligence, eg that helped to cause an accident 共同过失（受伤一方因本身疏忽造成的事故）. 2 paid for by contributions 由捐助支付的: a con,tributory `pension scheme, ie paid for by both employers and employees 共集年金制（由雇主和职工共同出资）.

contrite

/ 5kCntraIt; `kBntraIt/ adj filled with or showing deep regret for having done wrong; repentant 痛悔前非的; 悔恨不已的: a contrite apology, manner 深表懊悔的致歉、 样子 *| She was contrite the morning after her angry outburst. 她发了一顿脾气之後一早上追悔莫及.

contritely

adv.

contrition

/ kEn5trIFn; kEn`trIFEn/ n [U] deep regret for having doing wrong; repentance 悔恨; 痛悔; 忏悔.

contrivance

/ kEn5traIvEns; kEn`traIvEns/ n 1 [C] ~ (for doing sth/to do sth) (a) device or tool, esp one made by an individual for a particular purpose 机械装置或用具（尤指为某用途而特制之物）: a contrivance for cutting curved shapes 可作曲线切削的用具 *| He erected some contrivance for storing rain-water. 他装设了一种贮存雨水的器具. (b) complicated or deceitful plan 计谋; 骗术: an ingenious contrivance to get her to sign the document without reading it 为使她不经过目就签署文件的妙计. 2 [U] capacity to do or accomplish sth 能力: Some things are beyond human contrivance. 有些事情人们是无能为力的. 3 [U] action of contriving 发 明 ; 设 计 : the contrivance of an effective method 一种实用方法的产生.

contrive

/ kEn5traIv; kEn`traIv/ v (fml 文) 1 [Tn] plan (sth) cleverly or deceitfully; invent; design 谋划或策划（某事）; 发明; 设计: contrive a device, an experiment, a means of escape 设计一个装置; 筹划一项实验; 策划逃跑 *| contrive a way of avoiding paying tax 设法逃税 *| Their sudden outburst was obviously genuine; it couldn't have been contrived. 他们突如其来的发作显然是真的, 这是装不出来的. 2 [Tt] manage (to do sth) in spite of difficulties 想尽办法做某事物: contrive to live on a small income 靠菲薄的收入精打细算过日子 *| (ironic 反语) He contrived to 583make matters worse, ie unintentionally made

them worse by what he did. 他弄巧成拙.

contrived

adj (derog 贬) 1 planned in advance rather than being spontaneous or genuine 人为的; 策划的; 非自发的; 虚假的: a contrived incident intended to mislead the newspapers 企图蒙蔽报界的人为事件. 2 obviously invented; not lifelike 杜撰的; 缺乏真实性的: a novel with a very contrived plot 情节十分虚假的小说.

control

/ kEn5trEUl; kEn`trol/ n 1 [U] ~ (of/over sb/sth) power or authority to direct, order or limit （指挥、 命令或限制的）能力, 权力; 控制; 支配; 管理: children who lack parental control, ie are not kept in order by their parents 缺乏父母管教的孩子 *| He has no control over his emotions. 他控制不住自己的感情. *| In the latest elections our party has got/gained control (of the council). 在这次选举中, 本党获得了（对议会的）控制权. *| She managed to keep control of her car on the ice. 她在冰上开车时, 尽力控制住了汽车. *| A military government took control (of the country). 军政府接管了（国家）. *| The city is in/under the control of enemy forces. 该城现处於敌军的控制之下. *| The pilot lost control of the plane. 飞行员失去了对飞机的控制. *| He got so angry he lost control (of himself), ie started to behave wildly. 他气得无法自制. *|Due to circumstances beyond/outside our control, we cannot land here. 由於出现了我们无 法 控 制 的 情况 , 我 们不 能 在 此 著陆 . 2 [U] management; guidance; restriction 管制; 指导; 限制: control of traffic/traffic control 交通管制*| control of foreign exchange 外汇管理 *| She argued for import control, ie the restricting of imports. 她主张实行进口限制. *| [attrib 作定语] arms-control talks 军备控制谈判. 3 [C] ~ (on sth) means of limiting or regulating 限制或管理的手段: government controls on trade and industry 政府对工商业的管理措施 *| The arms trade should be subject to rigorous controls. 对军火贸易应该严加限制. 4 [C] standard of comparison for checking the results of an experiment （实验的）对照标准: One group was treated with the new drug, and a second group was treated with the old one as a control. 对一组使用新药, 对另一组则使用旧药以资对照. *|[attrib 作定语] a con`trol group 作为对照的一组.

5 [C usu pl 通常作复数] switches, levers, etc by which a machine is operated or regulated （机器的）操纵装置（如开关、操纵杆等）: the controls of an aircraft, ie for direction, height, etc 飞行器的操纵装置 *| The pilot is at the controls. 飞行员在掌握操纵仪. *| the volume control of a radio, ie the one which regulates loudness 收音机的音量调节器 *| a studio with an array of electronic controls 有一系列电子控制装置的播音室 *| [attrib 作定语] a control panel, board, lever, etc 操纵盘、板、杆等. 6 [sing] place from which orders are issued or at which checks are made 指挥部 ; 检查 站 : Mission control ordered the spacecraft to return to earth. 指挥部命令宇宙飞船返回地球. *| Our papers are checked as we go through passport control at the airport. 我们通过机场查验护照的关卡时, 查验了我们的证件. 7 (idm 习语) be in control (of sth) direct, manage or rule (sth) 指挥、 管理或支配（某事物）: She may be old, but she's still in control (of all that is happening). 她尽管人已老了, 然而仍由她掌管（一切事情）. *| Who's in control of the project? 谁是这个项目的负责人? *| Enemy forces are in control of the city. 敌军控 制 著 这 座 城 市 . be/get out of con`trol be/become no longer manageable 失去控制: The children are out of control. 管不住这些孩子了. *| Inflation has got out of control. 通货膨胀已失去控制. bring/get sth/be under con`trol subdue or master sth/be subdued or mastered 抑 制 ; 控 制 : You must get your spending under control. 你必须节制开支. *|The fire has been brought under control. 火势已受到控制. *| Don't worry; everything's under control, ie all difficulties are being dealt with. 别担心, 一切都在控制之下.

control tower

building at an airport from which the taking off and landing of aircraft is controlled （机场的）指挥塔, 指挥调度台; 塔台.

control

/ kEn5trEUl; kEn`trol/ v (-ll-) [Tn] 1 have power or authority over (sb/sth) 控制, 操纵, 管理, 支配（某人[某事物]）: a dictator who controlled the country for over 50 years 统治该国达 50 多年之久的独裁者 *| Can't you control that child (ie make it behave properly)? 你管不了那个孩子吗? *| an aircraft which is hard to control at high speeds 高速飞行难以控制的飞机 *| I was so 584furious I couldn't control myself, and I hit him.

我气得不得了, 就打了他. 2 regulate (sth) 管理

（ 某 事 物 ） : control traffic, immigration, supplies, prices 管理交通、 移民事务、 物资供

应、 物价 *| This knob controls the radio's

volume. 这 个 旋 钮 可 调 节 收 音 机 的 音 量 . *|

government efforts to control inflation, ie stop

it getting worse 政府控制通货膨胀的努力. 3

check (sth); verify 检查（某事物）; 检验: regular

inspections to control product quality 对产品

质量的常规检查.

controllable

adj that can be controlled 可控制的; 可操纵的;

可管理的; 可支配的: Drugs can make violent

patients controllable. 麻醉药可使狂躁病人安静

下来.

controller

n person who controls or directs sth, esp a

department or division of a large organization

（尤指大机构中部门的）负责人: the controller of

BBC Radio 英国广播公司广播电台负责人 *| an

air-traffic controller 航空调度员.

controlling interest

(finance 财) possession of enough stock(5b) of

a company to control decision-making 控股权

益: have a controlling interest in a company 在

某公司中有控股权益.

controversial

/ 9kCntrE5v:Fl; 9kBntrE`v[FEl/ adj causing or likely

to cause controversy 引起或可能引起争论的: a

controversial person, decision, organization, book 有争议的人物、 决定、 组织、 书.

controversialist

/ -FElIst; -FElIst/ n (fml 文) person who is good at

or fond of controversy 善辩者; 好辩者.

controversially

/ -FElI; -FElI/ adv.

controversy

/ 5kCntrEv:sI, kEn5trCvEsI; `kBntrE9v[sI/ n [U, C] ~

(about/over sth) public discussion or

argument, often rather angry, about sth which

many people disagree with 公开辩论; 论战:

The appointment of the new director aroused

a lot of controversy, ie Many people publicly

disagreed with it. 新负责人的任命引起了激烈的

争论. *| a bitter controversy about/over the

siting of the new airport 对新机场选址问题的剧

烈争论.

controvert

/ 9kCntrE5v:t; `kBntrE9v[t/ v [Tn] (fml 文) deny the

truth of (sth); argue about 否定（某事物）; 争

论; 反驳: a fact that cannot be controverted 无可置辩的事实.

contumacious

/ 9kCntju:5meIFEs; ?@ -tu:-; 9kBntu`meFEs/ adj (fml 文) obstinate and disobedient 固执的; 桀骜不驯的; 顽抗的.

contumaciously

adv.

contumacy

/ 5kCntjUmEsI; ?@ kEn5tu:mEsI; `kBntumEsI/ n (fml 文) (a) [U] obstinate resistance or disobedience 顽抗; 抗命. (b) [C] instance of this 顽抗.

contumely

/ 5kCntju:mlI; ?@ kEn5tu:mElI; `kBntJ9milI/ n (fml 文) (a) [U] insulting language or treatment 无礼的言辞或行为. (b) [C] instance of this; humiliating insult 侮慢无礼.

contuse

/ kEn5tju:z; ?@ -5tu:z; kEn`tuz/ v [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] (medical 医) injure (a part of the body) without breaking the skin; bruise 挫伤（身体某部）; 使产生青肿.

contusion

/ kEn5tju:Vn; ?@ -5tu:-; kEn`tjuVEn/ n (medical 医) bruise 挫伤; 青肿.

conundrum

/ kE5nQndrEm; kE`nQndrEm/ n 1 question, usu with a pun in its answer, that is asked for fun; riddle 问题（答案通常为双关语的）; 谜语. 2 puzzling problem 伤脑筋的问题: an issue that is a real conundrum for the experts 使专家们大伤脑筋的问题.

conurbation

/ 9kCn:5beIFn; 9kBnL`beFEn/ n large urbanarea formed by the expansion and joining together of several smaller towns 集合城市（由几个小城镇扩展连合而构成大的城市区域）.

convalesce

/ 9kCnvE5les; 9kBnvE`lZs/ v [I] regain one's health and strength after an illness 恢复健康和体力; 康复: She went to the seaside to convalesce after her stay in hospital. 她经过住院治疗後, 前往海滨养病.

convalescence

/ 9kCnvE5lesns; 9kBnvE`lZsns/ n [sing, U] (period of) gradual recovery of health and strength 康复（期）.

convalescent

/ 9kCnvE5lesnt;9kBnvE`lZsnt/ n, adj (person who is) recovering from illness 康复中的（病人）: a convalescent home, ie a type of hospital where 585people convalesce 疗养所.

convection

/ kEn5vekFn; kEn`vZkFEn/ n [U] transmission of heat from one part of a liquid or gas to another by the movement of heated substances （热的）对流.

convector

/ kEn5vektE(r); kEn`vZktL/ n (also con,vector`heater) room heater that warms air by passing it over hot surfaces and then circulates it 对流加热器.

convene

/ kEn5vi:n; kEn`vin/ v 1 [Tn] summon (people) to come together; arrange (a meeting, etc) 召集（人们）; 召开（会议等）: convene the members, a committee, etc 召集成员、 委员会会议等. 2 [I] come together (for a meeting, etc) 集合（开会等）: The tribunal will convene tomorrow. 法庭将於明日开庭.

convener (also convenor)

n (a) person who convenes meetings （会议）召集人. (b) (Brit) senior trade union official in a factory or some other place of work 工会领导人: the works convenor 该厂的工会领导人.

convenience

/ kEn5vi:nIEns; kEn`vinjEns/ n 1 [U] quality of being convenient or suitable; freedom from trouble or difficulty 方便; 便利; 适宜; 省事: a library planned for the users' convenience 旨在方便读者的图书馆 *| I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience. 我把参考书放在书桌旁 用 著 方 便 . *| It was a marriage of convenience, ie They married for material advantage, not for love. 那是一门贪图财利的亲事. 2 [C] (a) arrangement, appliance or device that is useful, helpful or suitable 有用、 有益或适宜的安排、 用具或设施: It was a great convenience to have the doctor living near us. 有医生住在我们附近真是太方便了. *| The house has all the modern conveniences, eg central heating, hot water supply, etc. 这所房屋有各种现代化的设施（如集中供暖、 热水供应等设备）. (b) (Brit euph 婉 ) lavatory for the use of the general public （公共）厕所: There is a public convenience on the corner of the street. 在街道的拐角处有公共厕所. 3 (idm 习语) at one's con`venience when and where it suits one 在方便的时候及在适宜的地方: With a caravan, you can stop at your own convenience; you're not dependent on hotels. 开著一辆大篷车, 可以随意停 下 来 , 不 用 住 旅 馆 . at your earliest

con`venience => early. a flag of convenience => flag1.

convenience food

food (eg in a tin, packet, etc) that needs very litttle preparation after being bought 方便食品.

convenient

/ kEn5vi:nIEnt; kEn`vinjEnt/ adj ~ (for sb/sth) 1 fitting in well with people's needs or plans; giving no trouble or difficulty; suitable 适合需要的; 方便的; 省心的; 省事的; 合适的: I can't see him now; it's not convenient. 我现在不便见他. *| Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow? 你明天开始工作方便吗? *| We must arrange a convenient time and place for the meeting. 我们必须安排一个合适的时间和地点开会. *| A bicycle's often far more convenient than a car in busy cities. 在热闹的都市里骑自行车往往比坐汽车方便得多. 2 situated nearby; easily accessible 近便的; 容易到达的: (infml 口) a house that is convenient for (ie is near) the shops 靠近店 的房屋 *| It's useful to have a convenient supermarket. 附近有家超级市场实在方便.

conveniently

adv in a convenient manner 方便地: My house is conveniently near a bus-stop. 我家离公共汽车站不远, 非常方便.

convent

/ 5kCnvEnt; ?@ -vent; `kBnvZnt/ n building(s) in which a community of nuns lives 女修道院: enter a convent, ie become a nun 当修女 *|[attrib 作定语] a convent school, ie one run by nuns 修女会开办的学校. Cf 参看 monastery, nunnery (nun).

convention

/ kEn5venFn; kEn`vZnFEn/ n 1 [C] conference of members of a profession, political party, etc （某一职业、 政党等之人士召开的）大会: a teachers', dentists', etc convention 教师的、 牙科医生的会议 *| hold a convention 召开大会 *|the US Democratic Party Convention, ie to elect a candidate for President 美国民主党代表大会（会上选出总统候选人）. 2 (a) [U] general, usu unspoken, agreement about how people should act or behave in certain circumstances （ 某 种 情 况 下 的 ） 习 俗 , 惯 例 : Convention dictates that a minister should resign in such a situation. 依照常规大臣在这种情况下应该辞职. *| By convention the deputy leader is always a woman. 按照惯例这一领导人的副职总是由女子担任. *| defy convention by wearing outrageous 586clothes 穿著奇装异服以对抗习俗 *| a slave to

convention, ie sb who always follows accepted ways of doing things 传统的奴隶（墨守成规的人）.

(b) [C] customary practice 惯常作法; 惯例: the conventions which govern stock-market dealing 证券交易所遵循的惯例. 3 [C] agreement between states, rulers, etc that is less formal than a treaty （国家、 首脑等之间的）协议, 协定 : the Geneva Convention, ie about the treatment of prisoners of war, etc （关於战俘待遇等问题的）日内瓦协定.

conventional

/ kEn5venFEnl; kEn`vZnFEnl/ adj 1 (a) (often derog 常作贬义) based on convention(2a) 依照惯例的; 约定俗成的; 因循守旧的: conventional clothes, behaviour 老一套的衣物、 行为 *| She's so conventional in her views. 她的观点太保守. *|He made a few conventional remarks about the weather. 他说了几句关於天气的客套话. *|The conventional wisdom is that high wage rises increase inflation, ie That is the generally accepted view. 人们普遍认同的看法是工资增长过 快 会 加剧 通 货膨 胀 . (b) following what is traditional or customary 依照传统的; 符合习俗的: a conventional design, method 传统的式样、方法. 2 (esp of weapons) not nuclear （尤指武器）常规的, 非核的: conventional missiles, warfare, etc 常 规 的 导 弹 、 战 争 等 *| a conven-tional power station, ie fuelled by oil or coal, rather than being powered by a nuclear reactor 使用普通燃料的发电厂（以石油或煤为燃料而非使用核动力的）.

conventionality

/ kEn9venFEn5lEtI; kEn9vZnFEn`AlEtI/ n (a) [U] conventional quality or character 传统性; 因循性: the timid conventionality of his designs 他在设计中对传统的亦步亦趋. (b) [C] conventional remark, attitude, etc 因循守旧的言语、 态度等.

conventionalize, -ise

/ kEn5venFEnElaIz; kEn`vZn-FEnl9aIz/ v [Tn] make (sb/sth) conventional 使（某人[某事物]）符合惯例.

conventionally

/ -FEnElI; -FEnlI/ adv: conventionally dressed, designed, etc 传统穿戴的、 式样的等.

converge

/ kEn5v:dV; kEn`v[dV/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (on sb/sth); ~ (at sth) (of lines, moving objects, etc) (come towards each other and) meet at a point （指线条、 运动的物体等）会於一点, 向一点会合; 聚集: armies converging on the capital city 向首

都集结的各路军队 *| Parallel lines converge at infinity. 平行线永不相交. *| Enthusiasts from around the world converge on (ie come to) Le Mans for the annual car race. 热心的观众从世界各地涌到勒芒市观看一年一度的汽车比赛. 2 [I] (fig 比喻) (tend to) become similar or identical （趋於）相似或相同: Our previously opposed views are beginning to converge. 我们原来相互对立的观点开始趋於一致. *| Some say that capitalism and socialism will eventually converge. 有人说资本主义和社会主义最终会合而为一.

convergence

/ kEn5v:dVEns; kEn`v[dVEns/ n [U].convergent/ kEn5v:dVEnt; kEn`v[dVEnt/ adj: convergentlines, opinions 相交的线条; 趋於一致的意见. =>illus 见插图. Cf 参看 diverge.

conversant

/ kEn5v:snt; kEn`vLsnt/ adj [pred 作表语] ~ with sth (fml 文) having knowledge of sth; familiar with sth （对某事物）精通, 熟悉: thoroughly conversant with all the rules 对所有的规则了如指掌.

conversation

/ 9kCnvE5seIFn; 9kBnvL`seFEn/ n ~ (with sb) (about sth) (a) [C] informal talk 交谈; 谈话; 谈天:

having a quiet conversation with a friend 跟朋友静静地谈天 *| She tended to monopolize the conversation. 她说个没完, 使别人插不上嘴. (b) [U] informal talking 交谈; 谈话; 谈天: He was deep in conversation with his accountant. 他与会计深入交谈. *| It can be very difficult, making conversation at a party, ie trying to think of things to say. 在聚会时有时很难找话题跟人应酬. =>Usage at talk1 用法见 talk1.

conversational

/ -FEnl; -FEnl/ adj (a) [attrib 作定语] of talking 谈话的: her limited conversational powers 她那有限 的 口 才 . (b) appropriate to conversation; colloquial 适 用 於 会 话 的 ; 口 语 的 : a conversational tone, manner, etc 会话语调、方式等.

conversationalist

/ -FEnElIst; -FEnlIst/ n talker 交谈者: a fluent conversationalist 健谈的人.

converse

/ kEn5v:s; kEn`v[s/ v [I, Ipr, Ip] ~ (with sb) (about sth); ~ (together) (fml 文) talk 交谈: She sat conversing with the President. 她坐著与总统交谈.

587converse

/ 5kCnv:s; `kBnv[s/ the converse n [sing] 1 the

opposite 相反的事物: He says she is satisfied, but I believe the converse to be true: she is

very dissatisfied. 他说她已心满意足了, 不过我认

为 实 际 情 况 相 反 : 她 很 不 满 意 . 2 (in logic)

statement made by reversing two elements of

another statement （逻辑学）反题（将一语句中

的两个成分颠倒後所成的语句）: `He is happy but

not rich' is the converse of `He is rich but not

happy'. ｀他乐而不富＇是｀他富而不乐＇的反题.

converse

adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] opposite to sth 与

（某事物）相反的; 逆的: They hold converse

opinions. 他们持相反意见.

conversely

adv: You can add the fluid to the powder or, conversely, the powder to the fluid. 可以将液体

加到粉末里, 或者相反, 将粉末加到液体里.

conversion

/ kEn5v:Fn; ?@ kEn5v:rVn; kEn`v[VEn/ n ~ (from sth)

(into/to sth) 1 [U] converting or being

converted 转变; 变换: the conversion of a barn

into a house, of pounds into dollars 仓房之改

建为寓所、 英镑之兑换成美元 *| Conversion to

gas central heating will save you a lot of

money. 改用煤气集中供暖将节省大笔开支. *|

[attrib 作定语] a metric conversion table, ie

showing how to change metric amounts into

or out of another system, by calculation 公制

换算表. 2 [C] instance of this 转变: a building

firm which specializes in house conversions, eg converting large houses into several flats 专

营改建房屋的建筑公司（如将大房屋改建为几个单

元者） *| He kicked a penalty goal and two

conversions, ie in Rugby football. 他一次罚球得

分, 两次触地後射门得分（在橄榄球赛中）. *| He

used to support monetarist economics, but he

underwent quite a conversion (ie changed his

opinion) when he saw how it increased

unemployment. 他一向赞同货币经济理论, 然而

当他看到这种理论加重了失业现象之後, 他彻底改

变了看法.

convert

/ kEn5v:t; kEn`v[t/ v 1 (a) [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth)

(from sth) (into/to sth) change (sth) from one

form or use to another 改变（某事物）的形式或

用途: Britain converted to a decimal currency

system in 1971. 英国於 1971 年改行十进制货币

体系. *| a ferry that was converted to carry

troops during the war 战争期间改作运兵船的渡

轮 *| a converted flat, ie made by dividing up a large house 改建而成的一套房间（将大的房屋分隔而成者） *| convert rags into paper, a house into flats, pounds into francs 用碎布屑造纸、把一所房屋改建成几个单元、 把英镑兑换成法郎 *|The room was converted from a kitchen to a lavatory. 这房间由厨房改成了厕所. (b) [Ipr] ~ into/to sth be able to be changed from one form or use to another 可改变形式或用途: a sofa that converts (in) to a bed 可改为床铺的沙发. 2 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sb) (from sth) (to sth) change one's beliefs, esp one's religion; persuade sb to change his beliefs （使）改变信仰 （ 尤 指 宗 教 信 仰 ） : He's converted to Catholicism. 他已皈依天主教. *| convert sb from atheism to Christianity 使某人放弃无神论, 改信基督教. 3 [Tn] (in Rugby football) gain extra points after scoring (a try) by kicking a goal （在橄榄球赛中）（触地得分後再射）踢中球门获得附加分. 4 (idm 习语) preach to the converted => preach.

converter, convertor

ns 1 (physics 物) (a) device for converting alternating current to direct current or vice versa 变流器, 逆变器. (b) device that changes the wavelength of a radio signal 变频器. 2 vessel for refining molten metal 转炉（冶炼金属的容器）.

convert

/ 5kCnv:t; `kBnv[t/ n ~ (to sth) person converted to a different belief, esp a different religion 改变信仰（尤指宗教信仰）的人; 皈依者: a convert to socialism 改而信奉社会主义的人 *| Already the new newspaper is winning/gaining converts, ie people who used to read other newspapers.

这家新报纸已经逐渐把其他报纸的读者争取过来.

convertible

/ kEn5v:tEbl; kEn`v[tEbl/ adj ~ (into/to sth) that can be converted 可改变的; 可转换的; 可兑换的:

a sofa that is convertible (into a bed) 可改（为床铺）的沙发 *| convertible currencies, ie that can be exchanged for those of other countries 可兑换的货币.

convertibility

/ kEn9v:tE5bIlEtI; kEn9v[tE`bIlEtI/ n [U]. convertible n car with a roof that can be folded down or removed 摺篷汽车.

convex

/ 5kCnveks; `kBnvZks/ adj with a curved surface like the outside of a ball 凸圆的; 凸面的: a convex lens, mirror, etc 凸透镜; 凸面镜等. 588=>illus at concave 见 concave 之插图. Cf 参看

concave.

convexity

/ kCn5veksEtI; kEn`vZksEtI/ n [U] state of being convex 凸; 凸状.

convey

/ kEn5veI; kEn`ve/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (from...) (to...) (fml 文 ) take sb/sth; carry sb/sth; transmit sb/sth 运载; 运送某人[某物]: Pipes convey hot water from the boiler to the radiators. 通过管道把热水从锅炉输送到散热器里. *| This train conveys both passengers and goods. 这列火车既载人又载货. *| a message conveyed by radio 由无线电传递的讯息. 2 [Tn, Tf, Tw, Dn.pr, Dpr.f, Dpr.w] ~ sth (to sb) make (ideas, feelings, etc) known to another person 表达或传达（思想、 感情等）: a poem that perfectly conveys (to the reader) the poet's feelings/what the poet feels （向读者）充分地表达出诗人思想感情的诗篇 *| Words cannot convey how delighted I was. 言辞无法表达我内心的喜悦. *| Please convey my good wishes to your mother. 请 向 您 母亲 转 达我 的 祝愿 . *|Blenkinsop? No, the name doesn't convey anything to me, ie I do not know or recognize it. Blenkinsop?我不知道这个名字. 3 [Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) (law 律) transfer full legal rights to the ownership of (land, property, etc) to sb 转让（土地、 财产等）.

conveyor, conveyer

ns person or thing that conveys 运送者; 传送者; 传达者; 转让者; 运输设备; 传送装置: one of the largest conveyors of passenger traffic 最大的客运工具之一. con`veyor belt (also conveyor) continuous belt or band that moves on rollers and is used for transporting loads (eg products in a factory, luggage at an airport) 传送带.

conveyance

/ kEn5veIEns; kEn`veEns/ n 1 [U] (fml 文) conveying 运送; 传送; 传达; 转让: the conveyance of goods by rail 铁路货运. 2 [C] (fml 文) thing that conveys; vehicle 运输设备; 运载工具; 车辆: old-fashioned conveyances 老式运载工具 *| a public conveyance 公共运输设备. 3 (law 律) (a) [U] conveying property 转让财产: an expert in conveyance 承办产权转让事务的专家. (b) [C] document that conveys property 产权转让证书: draw up a conveyance 拟就产权转让证书.

conveyancer

n person who prepares conveyances

(conveyance 3b) 备办产权转让证书的人员.

conveyancing

n [U] conveying of property 财产的转让.

convict

/ kEn5vIkt; kEn`vIkt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (of sth) (of a jury or judge) declare in a lawcourt that sb is guilty (of a crime) （指陪审团或法官）宣判某人有（...）罪: She has twice been convicted (of fraud). 她已有两次被判（诈骗）罪. *| a convicted murderer 已定罪的谋杀犯.

convict

/ 5kCnvIkt; `kBnvIkt/ (also infml 口语亦作 con) n person who has been convicted of crime and is being punished, esp by imprisonment 已决犯; （已定罪并服刑的, 尤指监禁的）囚犯: an escaped convict 逃犯.

conviction

/ kEn5vIkFn; kEn`vIkFEn/ n 1 ~ (for sth) (a) [U] the convicting of a person for a crime 定罪; 科刑: an offence which carries, on conviction, a sentence of not more than five years' imprisonment 定罪後可判处五年以下监禁的罪行.

(b) [C] instance of this 定罪: She has six convictions for theft. 她有六次因盗窃而被判刑. 2 [U, C] ~ (that...) firm opinion or belief 坚定的看 法或信仰 : It's my conviction (ie I firmly believe) that complacency is at the root of our troubles. 我深信自满情绪是我们各种问题的根源. *| Do you always act in accordance with your convictions? 你是否一贯地本著你的信念行事? 3 [U] believable quality 可信性: She'd made such promises before, and they lacked conviction/didn't carry much conviction. 她以前也作过这样的许诺, 但都不足信. 4 (idm 习语) be open to conviction => open1. have/lack the courage of one's convictions => courage.

convince

/ kEn5vIns; kEn`vIns/ v 1 [Tn, Tn.pr, Dn.f] ~ sb (of sth) make sb feel certain; cause sb to realize 使某人确信; 使某人明白: How can I convince you (of her honesty)? 我怎样才能使你相信（她很诚实）呢? *| What she said convinced me that I was mistaken. 她的一番话使我认识到我错了. *| I was convinced (ie sure) I saw you there, but it must have been someone else. 我原来真以为看见你在那里, 一定是看错了人. 2 [Cn.t] (esp US) persuade 说服: What convinced you to vote for them? 究竟是什麽使得你愿意投他们的票?

convinced

adj [attrib 作定语] firm in one's belief 坚信不移 589的; 有坚定信仰的: a convinced Christian 虔诚的

基督徒.

convincible

/ kEn5vInsEbl; kEn`vInsEbl/ adj willing to be

convinced 可被说服的; 可喻之以理的.

convincing

adj that convinces 令人信服的: a convincing

speech, argument, liar 有说服力的讲话、 言之

成 理 的 论 据 、 很 能 蛊 惑 人 的 瞎 话 大 王 等 .

convincingly adv: a convincingly argued

statement 雄辩的陈辞.

convivial

/ kEn5vIvIEl; kEn`vIvIEl/ adj (esp fml 尤作文雅语) 1

cheerful and sociable; fond of being with

others 愉 快 而 随 和 的 ; 好 交 际 的 : convivial

companions 喜欢交际的朋友. 2 full of shared

pleasure and friendliness 联欢的; 联谊的: a

convivial evening, atmosphere 欢乐的夜晚、 气

氛.

conviviality

/ kEn9vIvI5AlEtI; kEn9vIvI`AlEtI/ n [U] 1

cheerfulness; sociability 欢乐; 交游. 2 shared

pleasure, esp with drinking and eating 联欢

（尤指饮宴作乐）.

convivially

/ -IElI; -IElI/ adv.

convocation

/ 9kCnvE5keIFn; 9kBnvE`keFEn/ n 1 [CGp] formal

assembly, esp the legislative body of the

Church of England or of the graduates of some

universities （正式的）集会（尤指英国国教会制

定规章的机构的会议或某些大学的毕业生评议会）:

Convocation has/have ruled that... 会议规定

如 下 .... 2 [U] (fml 文 ) convoking; calling

together 召集.

convoke

/ kEn5vEUk; kEn`vok/ v [Tn] (fml 文) call together or

summon (a meeting, etc) 召集, 召开（会议等）:

convoke Parliament 召开国会.

convoluted

/ 5kCnvElu:tId; `kBnvE9lutId/ adj 1 coiled; twisted 盘

绕的; 卷曲的: the convoluted folds of the brain

盘绕成团的脑回. 2 (fig 比喻) complicated and

difficult to follow 复杂的; 费解的: a convoluted

argument, explanation, etc 玄之又玄的论点、解释等.

convolution

/ 9kCnvE5lu:Fn; 9kBnvE`luFEn/ n (usu pl 通常作复数)

coil; twist 盘绕; 拳曲: ornate carving with lots

of curves and convolutions 有很多曲线和 旋的

雕饰 *| (fig 比喻) the bizarre convolutions of

the plot 情节的离奇曲折.

convolvulus

/ kEn5vClvjUlEs; kEn`vBlvjElEs/ n (pl ~es) [C, U] type of twining plant with trumpet-shaped flowers 旋花植物（开喇叭状的花）.

convoy

/ 5kCnvRI; `kBnvRI/ n 1 (a) group of vehicles or ships travelling together 车队; 船队: a large convoy of coal lorries 由运煤卡车组成的庞大车队 . (b) group of vehicles or ships being escorted for protection while travelling 被护送的车队或船队: The convoy was attacked by submarines. 被护送的船队受到了潜水艇的攻击. 2 (idm 习语) in `convoy (of travelling vehicles) as a group; together （指行进中的交通工具）组成一队; 结队: The supply ships travelled in convoy. 补 给 船 结 队 航 行 . under `convoy escorted by a protecting force 在护卫下: The missiles were moved under convoy. 导弹在护卫之下转移.

convoy

/ 5kCnvRI; `kEnvRI/ v [Tn.pr, Tn.p] (esp of a warship) travel with (other ships) in a group to protect them; escort 尤指战舰为（其他船只）护航: The troop ships were convoyed across the Atlantic. 运兵船被护送渡过大西洋. *| (fig 比喻) parents taking it in turns to convoy children to and from school while the attacker was on the losse 在该暴徒仍逍遥法外期间, 轮流护送孩子往返学校的家长.

convulse

/ kEn5vQls; kEn`vQls/ v [Tn usu passive 通常用於被动语态] cause (sb/sth) to make sudden violent uncontrollable movements 使（某人[某事物]）剧 烈 震 动 : convulsed with laughter, anger, toothache 笑得前仰後合、 气得暴跳如雷、 牙齿疼得使脸抽搐变形 *| a country convulsed by earthquakes 遭受震灾的国家 *| (fig 比喻) Riots convulsed the cities, ie caused violent disturbance. 动乱震撼著这些城市.

convulsion

/ kEn5vQlFn; kEn`vQlFEn/ n 1 (usu pl 通常作复数) sudden violent uncontrollable body movement, caused by contraction of muscles 痉挛; 抽搐:

The child reacted to the drug by going into convulsions. 这孩子全身痉挛, 对药物有反应. 2 violent disturbance 大乱; 乱子: The leader's assassination led to political convulsions, eg an attempt at revolution. 领导人遇剌引起了政治 动 乱 . 3 convulsions [pl] uncontrollable 590laughter 捧腹大笑: The story was so funny it

had us in convulsions. 这故事滑稽极了, 使我们笑得不亦乐乎.

convulsive

/ kEn5vQlsIv; kEn`vQlsIv/ adj 1 having, producing or consisting of convulsions （产生）痉挛的; 抽搐的: a convulsive movement, spasm, etc 抽搐的动作、 发作等. 2 violently disturbing 大乱的: convulsive upheavals, such as urban riots 大动荡, 如城市动乱.

convulsively

adv.

cony (also coney)

/ 5kEUnI; `konI/ n (pl conies) 1 [U] fur of the rabbit used to make coats, etc （做大衣等用的）兔毛皮. 2 [C] (arch 古) rabbit 兔子.

coo

/ ku:; ku/ v (pt, pp cooed/ ku:d; kud/, pres p cooing) 1 [I] (of a dove or pigeon) make its characteristic soft cry （指鸽子）发咕咕声. 2 (infml 口) (a) [I] make a soft murmuring sound like that of a dove 发类似鸽叫的细语声: a baby cooing 婴儿的细语. (b) [Tn] say (sth) in a soft murmur 柔声地说: `It will be all right,' she cooed soothingly. ｀就会好起来的,＇她轻柔地安慰说. 3 (idm 习语) bill and coo => bill2.

coo

n (pl coos) soft murmuring sound (like that) of a dove 鸽子的咕咕声; 喁喁细语声.

coo

/ ku:; ku/ interj (Brit infml 口) (used to express surprise 用以表示惊讶) .

cook

/ kUk; kJk/ v 1 (a) [I, Ipr, Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (for sb) prepare (food) by heating, eg boiling, baking, roasting, frying 烹调（如煮、 焙、 烤、炸）; 做饭菜: Where did you learn to cook? 你在 哪 里 学 的 烹 饪 ? *| These potatoes aren't (properly) cooked! 这些马铃薯还没熟（透）! *| a cooked breakfast 做好了的早餐 *| He cooked me my dinner. 他给我做了饭. *| I like to cook (Chinese dishes) for my family. 我喜欢给家里人做（中国菜）饭.(b) [I] be prepared in this way 煮, 焙, 烤, 炸; 烹调: The vegetables are cooking. 蔬菜正在做著. *| The meat cooks slowly. 肉熟得慢. *| These apples cook well, ie taste good when cooked. 这种苹果宜於熟吃. =>Usage 见所附用法. 2 [Tn] (infml derog 口, 贬) alter (sth) secretly or dishonestly so as to deceive; falsify 窜改（某物）; 捏造: He was sent to prison for

cooking the books, ie dishonestly changing the financial records, esp for personal profit.

他因窜改帐目而入狱. *| cook the accounts, statistics, figures 窜改账目、 统计资料、 数字. 3 [I] (used in the continuous tenses 用於进行时态) (infml 口) be planned; happen as a result of plotting 在筹划中; （经过策划而）发生: What's cooking? 发生了什麽事? *| Everybody is being secretive: there's something cooking. 每个人都鬼鬼祟祟, 一定出了什麽事情. 4 (idm 习语) ,cook the `books (infml 口) falsify facts or figures in order to make one's financial position seem better than it really is 伪造帐目; 做假帐. cook sb's `goose (infml 口) ensure that sb fails 使某人 彻 底 失 败 : When the police found his fingerprints he knew his goose was cooked, ie knew that he would be caught. 警方发现了他的指纹, 他意识到自己已经完了. 5 (phr v) cook sth up (infml 口 ) invent sth, esp in order to deceive 编造某事物（尤指行骗）: cook up an excuse, a story, a bizarre theory, etc 编造藉口、故事、 怪论等.

cook

n 1 person who cooks food 厨师; 厨子; 炊事员: employed as a cook in a hotel 受雇为旅馆厨师*| I'm not much of a cook, ie I don't cook well. 我做不好饭菜. *| Were you the cook? ie Did you cook this food? 是你做饭吗? Cf 参看 chef. 2 (idm 习语) ,too many ,cooks ,spoil the `broth (saying 谚) if too many people are involved in sth, it will not be done properly 厨子多了做坏了汤（人多反倒误事）: I know they only meant to help, but it was a case of too many `cooks, I'm afraid. 我知道他们一心想帮忙, 可惜人多反而坏了事.

cooking

n [U] process of preparing food by heating 烹调过程; 烹饪方法: She does all the cooking. 烹饪的事都由她做. *| Chinese `cooking 中国式烹饪 *| [attrib 作定语] `cooking apples, sherry, etc, ie apples, sherry, etc suitable for cooking rather than eating raw or drinking 烹饪用的苹果、 雪利酒等.

cookbook

n = cookery book (cookery).

cookhouse

n detached or outdoor kitchen, eg in a camp 独立的或露天的厨房（如野营时搭盖的厨房）.

cook

NOTE ON USAGE 用法: When cooking we 591generally use 1 boiling water (in a saucepan)

or 2 boiling fat/oil (in a frying-pan) or 3 dry heat (in an oven or under a grill). 使用 cook 一词时, 一般是指用（1）沸水（置於深锅中）或（2）热的动[植]物油（置於煎锅中）或（3）直接加热（置於烤炉中或烤架上）. 1 We boil vegetables, eggs, rice, etc by covering them with water and heating it. 将蔬菜、 鸡蛋、 大米等浸於水中煮叫boil. *|We steam fish, puddings, etc by placing the food above boiling water. 将鱼、 布丁等置於沸水上蒸叫 steam. *|2 Meat, fish, vegetables, etc can be fried in shallow oil or fat. 将肉、 鱼、蔬 菜 等 放 在 少 许 植 物 油 或 动 物 油 里 煎 叫 fry. *|Chips, chicken pieces, etc can be completely covered by oil and deep-fried. 将土豆条、 鸡块等 完 全 浸 入 油 中 炸 叫 deep-fry. *|We saute vegetables very quickly in a small amount of oil. 用少量油将蔬菜很快一炒叫 saute. *|3 We roast large pieces of meat, potatoes, etc and we bake bread, cakes, etc in the oven. 在烤箱里烘烤大块的肉、 土豆等叫 roast, 烘烤面包、 糕饼等叫 bake. *|Small or flat pieces of meat, fish, etc are grilled (US broiled) by being placed under direct heat. 将小块的或切成片的肉、 鱼等置於发热器下面烘烤叫 grill（美式英语叫 broil）. *|Boil, fry, roast and bake can be used in two types of sentence *|boil、 fry、 roast、 bake可用於以下两种句型: We boil potatoes and The potatoes are boiling. Steam, saute and grill are generally only used in the first pattern.

*|steam、 saute、 grill 一般只用於以上第一种句型. With boil we often use the container to refer to its contents 用 boil 时常以容器借代其所盛之物: The kettle's boiling. 锅开了.

cooker

/ 5kUkE(r); `kJkL/ n 1 kitchen appliance for cooking, consisting of an oven with a hob on top and often also a grill 炉具（包括炉子、 炉子上的搁架, 常带有烤架）: a `gas cooker 煤气炉 *|an e`lectric cooker 电炉. Cf 参看 stove 1. 2 type of fruit, esp an apple, grown for cooking 烹饪用的水果（尤指苹果）: These apples are good cookers. 这些苹果宜於烹饪. Cf 参看 eating apple (eat).

cookery

/ 5kUkErI; `kJkErI/ n [U] art and practice of cooking 烹调技术; 烹饪方法: [attrib 作定语] a cookery course, school, etc 烹饪课程、 学校等.

cookery book (also `cookbook)

book giving recipes and instructions on cooking 烹饪书; 食谱.

cookie (also cooky)

/ 5kUkI; `kJkI/ (pl -kies) n (US) 1 biscuit 饼乾. 2 (infml 口) person 人; 家伙: He's a tough cookie. 他是个硬汉子. 3 (idm 习语) that's the way the cookie crumbles => way1.

cool

/ ku:l; kul/ adj (-er, -est) 1 (a) fairly cold; not hot or warm 凉的; 不热的: a cool breeze, day, surface 凉爽的微风、 一天、 表面 *| cool autumn weather 秋凉天气 *| Let's sit in the shade and keep cool. 咱们坐在荫凉处乘乘凉吧. *| The coffee's not cool enough to drink. 咖啡还不够凉, 不能喝. (b) giving a (usu pleasant) feeling of being not too warm 凉快的; 凉爽的: a cool room, dress, etc 凉爽的房间、 连衣裙等 *|a cool cotton shirt 凉快的棉布衬衫. (c) (of colours) suggesting coolness （指颜色）给人以凉爽感觉的, 冷色的: a room painted in cool greens and blues 涂上能给人以凉爽感觉的绿色和蓝色的房间. 2 calm; unexcited 冷静的; 镇定的: Keep cool! 保持冷静! *| She always remains cool, calm and collected in a crisis. 她在危难中总能保持冷静、 平静和镇静. *| He has a cool head, ie doesn't get agitated. 他头脑冷静（不易冲动）. 3 ~ (about sth); ~ (towards sb) not showing interest, enthusiasm or friendliness 冷淡的; 冷漠的; 冷冰冰的: She was decidedly cool about the proposal. 她对这个提议漠然置之. *| They gave the Prime Minister a cool reception. 他们 很冷 淡地 接待 了这 位首 相 . 4 calmly bold or impudent 满不在乎的; 厚颜无耻的: You should have seen the cool way she took my radio without even asking. 你没瞧见她那满不在乎的样子, 连问也不问就把我的收音机拿走了. 5 [attrib 作定语] (infml 口) (said esp of sums of money, distances, etc, emphasizing their largeness 附加於钱、 距离等数目之 前以强调其数目之大): The car cost a cool twenty thousand. 这辆汽车足足两万元. 6 (dated sl 旧, 俚 esp US) pleasant; fine 令人愉快的; 棒的: Her guy's real cool. 她的男朋友真帅. 7 (idm 习语) (as) ,cool as a `cucumber very calm and controlled, esp in difficult circumstances （尤指在困难情况下）从容不迫的; 泰然自若的. a cool `customer (infml 口) calmly bold or impudent person 行若无事的人; 无耻之徒: She just took out her purse and paid a thousand in cash: what a cool customer! 她从容地掏出钱夹付了一千镑现金, 多麽豪爽! play it `cool (infml 口) deal 592calmly with a situation; not get excited 泰然处

之.

cool

n 1 the cool [sing] cool air or place; coolness 凉爽的空气或地方; 凉快: step out of the sun into the cool 到荫凉处去躲避烈日 *| the pleasant cool of the evening 傍晚时的凉爽宜人. 2 (idm 习语) keep/lose one's cool (infml 口) remain calm/get excited, angry, etc 保持冷静[情不自禁、 怒不可遏]等.

coolly

/ 5ku:llI; `kullI/ adv in a cool1(3) way 冷淡地; 冷漠地; 冷冰冰地: He received my suggestion coolly, ie unenthusiastically. 他对待我的建议十分冷淡.

coolness

n [U] quality of being cool1(3) 冷淡; 冷漠; 冷冰冰: I noticed a certain coolness (ie lack of friendliness) between them. 我察觉到他们彼此有些冷淡.

cool-headed

adj calm; not flustered or excitable 头脑冷静的; 不慌不忙的.

cool

/ ku:l; kul/ v 1 [I, Ip, Tn, Tn.p] ~ (sth/sb) (down/off) become or make cool or cooler （使）变 凉 : The hot metal contracts as it cools (down). 热的金属一冷（下来）就收缩. *| Let the hot pie cool (off) before serving. 热馅饼凉了再吃. *| A cooling drink is welcome on a hot day. 在热 天 清 凉 饮 料 很 受 欢 迎 . *| (fig 比 喻 ) Her unresponsiveness failed to cool his ardour. 她对他无动於衷, 这并未能冷却他的感情. 2 (idm 习语) `cool it (sl 俚) calm down 冷静下来: Cool it! Don't get so excited! 静 一 静 吧 ! 别 那 麽 激动! ,cool one's `heels be kept waiting 等下去: Let him cool his heels for a while: that'll teach him to be impolite. 让他等一会儿吧, 好教训教训他别那麽没礼貌. 3 (phr v) cool (sb) down/off (cause sb to) become calm, less excited or less enthusiastic （使某人）冷静、 镇静或降低热情: She's very angry; don't speak to her until she's cooled down a bit. 她气极了, 等她消消气再跟她说话. *| A day in jail cooled him off. 一天的铁窗生活使他冷静了下来.

cooling-off

period (in industrial disputes) compulsory delay before a strike, to allow a compromise to be reached （劳资纠纷中的）冷却期.

cooling tower

large container used in industry to cool water

before it is re-used 冷却塔.

coolant

/ 5ku:lEnt; `kulEnt/ n [C, U] (type of) fluid used for cooling (eg in nuclear reactors) 冷却剂.

cooler

/ 5ku:lE(r); `kulL/ n 1 [C] container in which things are cooled 冷却器: a wine cooler 冰酒器.

2 the cooler [sing] (sl 俚) prison 牢房: two years in the cooler 两年监禁.

coolie

/ 5ku:lI; `kulI/ n (dated derog 旧 , 讳 , 贬 ) unskilled Asian labourer （亚洲的）苦力.

coon

/ ku:n; kun/ n 1 (infml 口 esp US) raccoon 浣熊:

[attrib 作定语] a coon-skin cap 浣熊皮的帽子. 2 ( sl derog 讳, 俚, 贬) black person 黑人.

coop

/ ku:p; kup/ n cage for poultry （家禽的）笼子.

coop

v (phr v) coop sb/sth up (in sth) (usu passive 通 常 用 於 被 动 语 态 ) restrict the freedom of sb/sth by keeping him/it inside; confine sb/sth 将某人[某物]关入（...内）以限制其自由; 拘禁某人[某物]: I've been cooped up indoors all day. 我在屋里关了一整天.

cooper

/ 5ku:pE(r); `kupL/ n maker of barrels 桶匠.

co-operate, cooperate

/ kEU5CpEreIt; ko`BpE9ret/ v 1 [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) (in doing/to do sth); ~ (with sb) (on sth) work or act together with another or others （与他人）合作, 协作: co-operate with one's friends in raising/to raise money 与朋友合作集资 *| The two schools are co-operating on the project. 这两所学校在这一项目上进行协作. 2 [I] be helpful and do as one is asked 配合; 协助: `If you co-operate we'll let you go,' said the policeman. ｀你只要协助我们, 就放你走,＇警察说道.

co-operator

n.

co-operation, cooperation

/ kEU9CpE5reIFn; ko9BpE`reFEn/ n [U] 1 ~ (with sb) (in doing sth/on sth); ~ (between A and B) (in doing sth/on sth) acting or working together for a common purpose 合作; 协作: a report produced by the Government in co-operation with the chemical industry 政府在化工部门的配合下所提出的一份报告 *| co-operation between the police and the public in catching the criminal 在追捕罪犯过程中警方与公众之间的相互配合. 2 willingness to be helpful and do as 593one is asked 乐於协助或配合的态度: Please

clear the gangways, ladies and gentlemen. Thank you for your co-operation. 女士们、 先生们: 请别堵住通道. 谢谢诸位大力协助.

co-operative, cooperative

/ kEU5CpErEtIv; ko`BpErEtIv/ adj 1 [usu attrib 通常作定语] marked by co-operation; joint 合作性质的; 联营的: a co-operative venture, attempt, etc 合作的企业、 尝试等. 2 willing to be helpful 愿意协助的: The school was very co-operative when we made a film there. 我们到该校拍摄影片时, 获校方大力协助. 3 [usu attrib 通常作定语] (commerce 商 ) owned and run by those participating, with profits shared by them 共同掌握所有权和管理权并分享其利的; 合作的: a co-operative farm 合 作 农 场 *| The co-operative movement started in Britain in the 19th century; co-operative societies set up shops to sell low-priced goods to poor people.

19 世纪英国开始了合作社运动, 许多合作机构开办商店向贫民出售廉价物品.

co-operative

n co-operative(3) business or other organization 合作企业或其他组织: agricultural co-operatives in India and China 印度和中国的农业合作社 *| The bicycle factory is now a workers' co-operative. 这家自行车制造厂现在是工人的集体企业. *| a housing co-operative, ie in which a house or group of houses is jointly owned by those who live there 住宅业主团体（其住宅之所有权属於全体住户）.

co-operatively

adv.

co-opt, coopt

/ kEU5Cpt; ko`Bpt/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (onto sth) (of the members of a committee) vote for the appointment of sb as an extra member of the committee （指委员会的成员）增选某人为新委员:

co-opt a new member onto the committee 增补一名新委员.

co-ordinate, coordinate

/ kEU5R:dInEt; ko`RrdnIt/ n 1 (often 常作 coordinate) either of two numbers or letters used to fix the position of a point on a graph or map 坐标: the x and y coordinates on a graph 图表上的 x 和 y坐标 *| coordinates of latitude and longitude 经纬度 *| [attrib 作定语] co-ordinate geometry, ie geometry using co-ordinates 解 析 几 何 . =>illus at map 见 map. 2 co-ordinates [pl] matched items of women's clothing （女子的）

配套衣物.

co-ordinate clause

(grammar) one of two or more clauses in a sentence that are equal in importance, have similar patterns and are often joined by and, or, but, etc 并列分句（一个句子中所含有的至少两个地位相等、结构相似的分句之一, 常以 and、 or、but 等词相连接）. Cf 参看 subordinate clause (subordinate).

co-ordinate, coordinate

/ kEU5R:dIneIt; ko`Rrdn9et/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (with sth) cause (different parts, limbs, etc) to function together efficiently 使（各部分、 肢体等 ） 协 调 , 协 同 动 作 : co-ordinate one's movements when swimming 游泳时协调动作*| We must co-ordinate our efforts (ie work together) to help the flood victims. 我们应该同心协力以援助遭水灾的灾民. *| The plan was not (ie Its parts were not) very well co-ordinated. 这计划的各部分配合得不够好.

co-ordination

/ 9kEU9R:dI5neIFn; ko9Rrdn`eFEn/ n [U] 1 ~ (with sb/sth) action of co-ordinating 协调; 协同动作: the co-ordination of the work of several people 几个人的协作 *| the perfect co-ordination of hand and eye 手和眼完美的协调动作 *| a pamphlet produced by the Government in co-ordination with (ie working together with) the Sports Council 政府在体育协会的配合下发行 的 小 册 子 . 2 ability to control one's movements properly 协调自己动作的能力: have good/poor co-ordination 善於[不善於]协调自己的动作 *| You need excellent co-ordination for ball games. 做球类运动, 要善於协调自己的动作.

co-ordinator

n person who co-ordinates 协 调 人 : The campaign needs an effective co-ordinator. 这个运动需要一个有能力的协调人.

coot

/ ku:t; kut/ n 1 type of water-bird with a white spot on the forehead 蹼鸡, 白骨顶（额上有白斑的一种水鸟）. =>illus at App 1 见附录 1 之插图, page v. 2 (idm 习语) bald as a coot => bald.

cop

/ kCp; kBp/ n (sl 俚) policeman （男）警察.

cop

/ kCp; kBp/ v (-pp-) (sl 俚) 1 [Tn] receive (sth); suffer 获得（某事物）; 遭受: He copped a nasty whack on the head. 他头上受一重击. *| The heavy rain missed the north of the country altogether, and the south copped the lot. 该国 594南部大雨滂沱而北部却滴雨未落. 2 (a) [Tn, Tng]

discover (sb) in the act of doing sth wrong; catch 发现（某人）在干坏事; 抓住: If I cop you cheating again you'll be in trouble. 我要再发现你骗人, 决不轻饶. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb (for sth) arrest sb 逮 捕 某 人 : He was copped for speeding. 他因超速行车被捕. 3 (idm 习语) cop hold of sth take hold of sth; grasp sth 握住某物; 抓住某物: Here, cop hold of the screwdriver while I try the hammer. 喂, 握住这把改锥, 我用 头试试. `cop it be punished 受罚: When he finds out who broke his radio, you'll really cop it! 要是他知道了是谁把他的收音机弄坏了, 准够你受的! 4 (phr v) cop `out (of sth) (derog 贬) fail to do what one ought to do, esp through fear 退避, 避, 逃避（尤指因恐惧）: He was boasting about how brave he was at the start, but copped out (of it) at the finish. 他起初夸耀自己勇敢, 到头来却打了退堂鼓.

cop

n (idm 习语) a fair cop => fair1. not much `cop (sl 俚) not very good 不太好: He's not much cop as a boxer. 他是个蹩脚的拳击手.

cop-out

n (sl derog 俚, 贬) act of or excuse for copping out 逃避的行为或藉口: The TV debate was a cop-out: it didn't tackle any of the real issues. 电视辩论不过是虚晃一枪, 并未解决任何实际问题.

copartner

/ 9kEU5pB:tnE(r); ko`pBrtnL/ n partner or associate in a business （企业的）合伙人.

copartnership

n 1 [U] system of having copartners in business （企业的）合伙. 2 [C] pair or group of copartners 一对或一群合伙者.

cope

/ kEUp; kop/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb/sth) manage successfully; be able to deal with sth difficult 对付; （善於）处理（棘手之事）: cope with problems, difficulties, misfortune, etc 对付问题、 困难、 灾祸等 *| Her husband's left her and the kids are running wild, so it's not surprising that she can't cope. 她丈夫离开了她, 孩子们又不听管教, 难怪她束手无策. *| There was too much work for our computer to cope with. 我们的计算机要干的工作太多, 简直应接不暇.

cope

/ kEUp; kop/ n long loose cloak worn by priests on some special occasions （教士在某些场合穿

的）斗篷式长袍.

copeck (also kopeck)

/ 5kEUpek, 5kCpek; `kopZk/ n unit of currency in the former Soviet Union; 100th part of a rouble 戈比（前苏联货币单位, 为一卢布的百分之一）.

Copernican

/ kE5p:nIkEn; ko`p[nIkEn/ adj of Copernicus/ kE5p:nIkEs; ko`p[nIkEs/ (1473-1543), a Polish astronomer,who was the first to propose the theory that the planets move around the sun 哥白尼的（哥白尼, 1473-1543 年, 波兰天文学家, 日心说的创始人）: the Copernican system 哥白尼体系.

co-pilot, copilot

/ 9kEU 5paIlEt; `ko9paIlEt/ n assistant pilot in an aircraft （飞行器的）副驾驶员.

coping

/ 5kEUpIN; `kopIN/ n (architecture 建) top row of bricks or masonry, usu sloping, on a wall （墙上端的）压顶, 盖顶.

coping-stone

n (esp Brit) stone used in a coping 压顶石: (fig fml 比 喻 , 文 ) The final scene is the coping-stone of the play, ie, the climax, which completes it appropriately. 这个剧的最後一场是压轴戏.

copious

/ 5kEUpIEs; `kopIEs/ adj 1 plentiful; abundant 丰富的; 大量的: copious flowers, tears, words 许多花、 眼泪、 话 *| She supports her theory with copious evidence. 她以大量的例证来充实自己的理论. *| I took copious notes. 我作了详细的笔记. 2 (of a writer) writing or having written much; prolific （指作家）多产的: a copious writer of detective stories 写侦探小说的多产作家.

copiously

adv.

copper

/ 5kCpE(r); `kBpL/ n 1 [U] chemical element, a common reddish-brown metal 铜; 紫铜; 红铜: the mining of copper in central Africa 中部非洲的铜矿开采业 *| Is the pipe copper or lead? 这管子是铜的呢还是铅的? *| [attrib 作定语] a copper pipe, wire, alloy, etc 铜管、 丝、 合金等*| her copper-coloured hair 她那红棕色的头发. =>App 10 见附录 10. 2 [C] (esp Brit) coin made of copper or a copper alloy 铜币: It only costs a few coppers, ie is cheap. 这只值几个铜板（很便宜）. 3 [C] (esp Brit) large metal vessel, esp one in which clothes were formerly washed by boiling 大锅（尤指旧时用以煮洗衣物的）. Cf 参 595看 boiler 3.

copper beech

type of beech tree with copper-coloured leaves

紫叶山毛榉.

copper-bottomed

adj (esp Brit) safe in every way; certain not to

fail 绝 对 安 全 的 ; 万 无 一 失 的 : a

copper-bottomed guarantee, assurance, deal, etc 可靠的保证、 绝对的把握、 毫无风险的交易.

copperhead

n poisonous snake found in the US 铜头蛇（一

种毒蛇, 产於美国）.

copperplate

n polished copper plate on which designs, etc

are engraved 铜凹版（镌刻有图案等的抛光铜

板）. ,copperplate `writing, handwriting (also

copperplate) neat old-fashioned formal

handwriting with looped sloping letters that

are joined to each other 铜版体（一种老式手写

体, 笔画匀称、 倾斜、 互相连接）.

copper

/ 5kCpE(r); `kBpL/ n (infml 口) policeman （男）警

察.

coppice

/ 5kCpIs; `kBpIs/ n = copse.

copra

/ 5kCprE; `kBprE/ n [U] dried coconut, from which

oil is extracted to make soap, etc 乾椰子仁（可

榨油以制肥皂等）.

copse

/ kCps; kBps/ (also coppice) n small area of

woodland with thick undergrowth and trees

矮林; 萌生林.

Copt

/ kCpt; kBpt/ n 1 member of the Coptic Church

科普特教徒. 2 Egyptian who is descended from

the ancient Egyptians 科普特人（古埃及人後裔

的埃及人）.

Coptic

/ 5kCptIk; `kBptIk/ adj of the Copts 科普特教徒的;

科普特人的: Coptic language, traditions 科普特

语、 传统. n [U] language used in the Coptic

Church （科普特教会使用的）科普特语.

copula

/ 5kCpjUlE; `kBpjElE/ n (grammar) type of verb that

connects a subject with its complement 系词

（即连系动词, 用以连结主语及其补语）: In

`George became ill', the verb `became' is a

copula. 在 Georgebecameill 一句中, became 是

系词.

copulate

/ 5kCpjUleIt; `kBpjE9let/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb/sth) (fml

文) (esp of animals) have sexual intercourse （尤指动物）交配, 交尾: The male bird performs a sort of mating dance before copulating with the female. 这种雄鸟在与雌鸟交尾以前要跳一种交欢舞.

copulation

/ 9kCpjU5leIFn; 9kBpjE`leFEn/ n [U] act of copulating 交配; 交尾.

copulative

/ 5kCpjUlEtIv; ?@ -leItIv; `kBpjE9letIv/ adj (fml 文) having a connecting function 有连系作用的. n (grammar) word that connects (and implies that meanings are added together 系词; 连系词; 连词; 连接词): `And' is a copulative. and 是连词.

copy

/ 5kCpI; `kBpI/ n 1 [C] thing made to look like another, esp a reproduction of a letter, picture, etc 复制品（尤指信件的复写件、图片的复印件等）:

Is this the original drawing or is it a copy? 这是原画还是模本? *| a perfect copy 以假乱真的仿造物 *| Make three carbon copies of the letter. 把这信复制三份. *| Photocopies cost 6p per copy. 影印文件每份收费 6 便士. 2 [C] individual example of a book, newspaper, record, etc of which many have been made （书、 报纸、 唱片等物品的）一本, 一份, 一张, 一件: If you can't afford a new copy of the book, perhaps you can find a second-hand one. 这书要是你买不起新的, 你或许能找到一本旧的. *| You receive the top copy of the receipt, and we keep the carbon. 你把这收据上面的原件收下, 我们保留下面的复写件. 3 [U] material that is to be printed 原稿: The journalist has handed in her copy. 这个女记者交了稿. *| The government crisis will make good copy, ie will make an interesting or exciting newspaper story. 政府的危机将成为新闻报道的好题材. *| We can give you the text on computer disk, or as hard copy, ie as writing or printing on paper. 我们可以给你一份计算机磁盘的文本, 也可以给你一份硬拷贝（手抄本或打印本）.

copy-cat

n (infml derog 口, 贬 ) person who always imitates others 一味模仿他人者.

copy desk

(US) desk in a newspaper office where copy1(3) is edited and prepared for printing （报社的）编辑办公桌.

copy-typist

596n typist who types out written material （书面

材料的）打字员.

copy-writer

n person who writes advertising or publicity copy1(3) 广告或宣传文字的撰稿人.

copy

/ 5kCpI; `kBpI/ v (pt, pp copied) 1 (a) [Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p] ~ sth (down/out) (from sth) (in/into sth) make a written copy(1) of sth 抄写; 复写某物:

copy out a letter, ie write it out again completely 缮写出信函的复本 *| The teacher wrote the sums on the board, and the children copied them down in their exercise books. 老师把算术题写在黑板上, 学生再抄写在自己的练习本上. *| copy notes (from a book, etc) into a notebook 把（书等的）要点抄录在笔记本上. (b) [Tn, Tn.pr] make a copy(1) of (sth) 复制; 复印: copy documents on a photocopier 用复印机复印文件. 2 [Tn] (try to) do the same as (sb else); imitate 仿效, 追随（他人）; 模仿: She's a good writer: try to copy her style. 她是出色的作家, 你不妨学学她的写作风格. *| Don't always copy what the others do; use your own ideas. 不要老是蹈袭他人, 你应该有主见. 3 [I, Ipr] ~ (from sb) cheat by writing or doing the same thing as sb else 抄袭; 做假: She was punished for copying during the examination. 她因考试抄袭作弊而受到处罚.

copier

n machine that makes copies of documents on paper, esp by photographing them 复印机.

copyist

n 1 person who makes copies of eg old documents 缮写员（如古旧文件的抄写人员）. 2 imitator 模仿者: This painting is by a copyist. 这幅画出自临模家之手.

copy-book

/ 5kCpIbUk; `kBpI9bJk/ n 1 exercise book containing models of handwriting for learners to imitate （有书写范例的）习字簿. 2 [attrib 作定语] perfect; textbook 十全十美的; 堪称典范的: It was a copy-book operation by the police; all the criminals were arrested and all the stolen property quickly recovered. 警方这一行动十分漂亮, 将罪犯一网打尽, 迅速起获所有赃物. 3 [attrib 作 定 语 ] (dated 旧 ) unoriginal; commonplace 陈腐的; 平淡无奇的: copy-book maxims, sentiments, etc 陈腐的格言、 观点等. 4 (idm 习语) blot one's copy-book => blot2.

copyright

/ 5kCpIraIt; `kBpI9raIt/ n [U, C] ~ (on sth) exclusive

legal right, held for a certain number of years, to print, publish, sell, broadcast, perform, film or record an original work or any part of it 版权: Copyright expires 50 years after the death of the author. 版权在作者死後 50 年即行终止. *|The poem is still under copyright, so you have to pay to quote it. 该诗仍然享有版权, 因此你必须 支 付 引 用 费 . *| sued for breach of copyright/for infringing copyright 因侵犯版权被控告 *| Who owns the copyright on this song? 谁享有这首歌的版权?

copyright

v [Tn] obtain copyright for (a book, etc) 获得（书等）的版权.

copyright

adj protected by copyright 受版权保护的: This material is copyright. 本资料享有版权.

coquetry

/ 5kCkItrI; `kokItrI/ n (fml 文) (a) [U] flirting 调情; 卖俏. (b) [C] instance of this; flirtatious act 调情; 卖弄风情.

coquette

/ kC5ket; ko`kZt/ n (fml often derog 文, 常作贬义) girl or woman who flirts 卖弄风情的女子.

coquettish

/ kC5ketIF; ko`kZtIF/ adj of or like a coquette 卖弄风情的; 卖俏似的: a coquettish smile, manner 卖弄风情的微笑、 样子.

coquettishly

adv.

cor anglais

/ 9kR:r 5CNgleI; ?@- R:N5gleI; 9kRr RN`^le/ (pl cors anglais) (music 音 ) woodwind instrument similar to the oboe, but larger and playing lower notes 英国管（一种类似双簧管而形状较大、音调较低的木管乐器）.

coracle

/ 5kCrEkl; `kBrEkl/ n small light boat made of wickerwork and covered with watertight materials, used by fishermen on Welsh and Irish rivers and lakes （威尔士及爱尔兰渔民用的）轻便小船（用枝条编成, 覆以防水材料）.

coral

/ 5kCrEl; ?@ 5kR:rEl; `kRrEl/ n 1 [U] red, pink or white hard substance formed on the sea bed from the skeletons of tiny animals known as polyps 珊瑚: a necklace made of coral 珊瑚项链. 2 [C] coral-producing animal; polyp 珊瑚虫; 水螅.

coral

adj like coral in colour; pink or red 珊瑚色的; 粉的或红的: coral lipstick 粉红色的口红.

coral island

597island formed by the growth of coral 珊瑚岛.

coral reef

reef formed by the growth of coral 珊瑚礁.

corbel

/ 5kR:bl; `kRrbl/ n (architecture 建 ) stone or

timber projection from a wall to support sth

(eg an arch) 梁托; 翅托; 托臂.

cord

/ kR:d; kRrd/ n 1 [C, U] (piece of) long thin flexible

material made of twisted strands, thicker than

string and thinner than rope （细）绳: parcels

tied with cord 用绳子捆扎的包裹. 2 [C] part of

the body like a cord in being long, thin and

flexible 身体上细长柔韧有如绳子的部分: the

spinal cord 脊髓 *| the vocal cords 声带. 3 [C, U] (esp US) = flex. 4 (infml 口) (a) [U] corduroy

灯芯绒: [attrib 作定语] cord trousers, skirts, etc

灯芯绒的裤子、 裙子等. (b) cords [pl] corduroy

trousers 灯 芯 绒 裤 子 : a man wearing blue

cords 穿蓝色灯芯绒裤的男子.

cordage

/ 5kR:dIdV; `kRrdIdV/ n [U] cords, ropes, etc, esp

the rigging of a ship 绳索（尤指船缆）.

cordial

/ 5kR:dIEl; ?@ 5kR:rdVEl; `kRrdVEl/ adj 1 sincere and

friendly 诚恳的; 热诚的; 亲切的; 友好的: a

cordial smile, welcome, handshake, etc 热诚的

微笑、 欢迎、 握手等. 2 [usu attrib 通常作定语]

(of dislike) strongly felt （指厌恶）深深感到的:

cordial hatred, detestation, loathing 无比的憎

恨、 憎恶、 厌恶.

cordiality

/ 9kR:dI5AlEtI; ?@ 9kR:rdVI-; 9kRrdVI`AlEtI/ n 1 [U]

quality of being cordial1(1) 诚 恳 ; 热 诚 . 2

cordialities [pl] (fml 文 ) expressions of

cordial1(1) feeling 热情友好的表示: After the

cordialities, we sat down to talk. 我们热情友好

地相互致意, 然後坐下来进行会谈.

cordially

/ -dIElI; ?@ -dVElI; -dVElI/ adv.

cordial

/ 5kR:dIEl; ?@ 5kR:rdVEl; `kRrdVEl/ n [U, C] (Brit)

sweetened non-alcoholic drink typically made

from fruit juice （不含酒精的）甜饮料（多由果汁

制成）: lime juice cordial 酸橙汁饮料.

cordite

/ 5kR:daIt; `kRrdaIt/ n [U] smokeless explosive

substance used in bullets, shells, bombs, etc

柯达炸药; （柯达）无烟火药.

cordon

/ 5kR:dn; `kRrdn/ n 1 line or ring of policemen, soldiers, etc, esp one which guards sth or

prevents people entering or leaving an area （由警察、 士兵等组成的）警戒线, 防卫圈: Demonstrators tried to break through the police cordon. 示威群众企图突破警察的封锁线. 2 ornamental ribbon or braid of an order1(10a), usu worn across the shoulder （代表勋位的）饰带或穗带（通常斜挂在肩上）; 绶带. 3 fruit-tree with all its side branches cut off so that it grows as a single stem, usu against a wall or along wires （剪去一切枝桠的）单干果树（通常倚墙或沿金属线生长）.

cordon

v (phr v) cordon sth off separate or enclose sth by means of a cordon(1) 以警戒线分隔或包围: Police cordoned off the area until the bomb was defused. 警方封锁了这个区域直至拆除炸弹的引信为止.

cordon bleu

/ 9kR:dCn 5bl:; kRr`dR`bl/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] (French 法) (of a cook, dish, etc) of the highest standard of skill in cooking, esp classical French cooking （指厨师、 菜肴等）第一流手艺的（尤指法国传统烹饪）: cordon bleu cuisine 第一流名厨所治佳肴.

corduroy

/ 5kR:dErRI; `kRrdE9rRI/ n 1 [U] strong cotton cloth covered with parallel soft raised ridges made up of short tufts 灯芯绒: [attrib 作定语] a corduroy jacket 灯芯绒甲克. 2 corduroys [pl] trousers made of this cloth 灯芯绒裤子: a pair of corduroys 一条灯芯绒裤子.

corduroy road

(esp US) road made of tree trunks laid side-by-side across swampy land （将树干并排横铺於湿软之地面而成的）木排路.

core

/ kR:(r); kRr/ n 1 (usu hard) centre of such fruits as the apple and pear, containing the seeds 果心（如苹果核、 梨核）. 2 (a) central part of a magnet or an induction coil 磁铁心; 线圈心. (b) (geology 地质) central part of the planet earth 地核: The earth has a core and a mantle around it. 地球的中心是地核, 地核的周围是地幔. (c) (physics 物 ) central part of a nuclear reactor, where the fuel rods are kept and the nuclear reaction takes place （核反应堆中的）活性区, 反应堆心. (d) (computing 计) very small magnetizable metal ring used formerly in a computer's memory for storing one bit3 of data （存储器的）磁心. (e) inner strand of an electric cable （电缆的）芯线. 3 most important 598part of sth 核心: Let's get to the core of the

argument. 咱们进入实质性的辩论吧. *| This

concept is at the very core of her theory. 这个

概 念 是 她 的 理 论 的 核 心 . *| [attrib 作 定 语 ]

English is a subject on the core curriculum, ie

one which all the students have to do. 英语是

一门基础课程. 4 (idm 习语) to the `core right to

the centre 达到中心: rotten to the core, ie

completely bad 烂透了的 *| He is English to

the core, ie completely English in manner, speech, dress, etc. 他是地地道道的英国人. *|

Her refusal shocked us to the core, ie utterly.

她拒绝後我们大吃一惊.

core

v [Tn] take out the core of (sth) 去掉（某物）的

中心部分: core an apple 挖去苹果的果心.

CORE (also Core)

/ kR:(r); kRr/ abbr 缩写 = (US) Congress of Racial

Equality 争取种族平等大会.

co-religionist, coreligionist

/ 9kEUrI5lIdVEnIst; 9korI`lIdVEnIst/ n (fml 文) person

who belongs to the same religion as sb else 信

奉同一宗教的人.

co-respondent, corespondent

/ 9kEU rI5spCndEnt; 9korI`spBndEnt/ n (law 律 )

(formerly) person accused of committing

adultery with the respondent in a divorce case

（旧时离婚诉讼中被控通奸的）共同被告: cite (ie

name) sb as co-respondent 指某人为共同被告.

corgi

/ 5kR:gI; `kRr^I/ n breed of small Welsh dog 柯吉

犬（一种小狗, 产於威尔士）.

coriander

/ 9kCrI5AndE(r); ?@ 9kR:r-; 9kRrI`AndL/ n [U] plant

whose leaves and dried seeds are used in

cooking, to give a special taste 芫荽; 香菜.

Corinthian

/ kE5rInWIEn; kE`rInWIEn/ adj 1 of Corinth/ 5kCrInW;

`kRrInW/ in (ancient) Greece （古）希腊科林斯的. 2

(architecture 建) of the most highly decorated

of the five classical orders (order1 13) of Greek

architecture, incorporating carvings of leaves

科林斯式的（希腊建筑五种古典柱式中最华丽者, 其

特徵为饰有叶形的雕花）: a Corinthian column

科林斯圆柱. Cf 参看 Doric, Ionic.

Corinthian

n native of Corinth 科林斯人.

cork

/ kR:k; kRrk/ n 1 [U] light springy buoyant

substance that is the thick bark of a type of

oak tree growing around the Mediterranean 栓

皮; 软木: Cork is often used for insulation. 栓皮经常用作绝缘材料. *| [attrib 作定语] cork tiles, table mats, etc 软 木 砖 、 桌 垫 等 . 2 [C] bottle-stopper made of this 软 木 瓶 塞 : draw/pull out the cork 拔出软木塞. =>illus at bottle 见 bottle 之插图.

cork

v 1 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) close or seal (a bottle, barrel, etc) with a cork or sth similar 用软木塞等物封堵（瓶、 桶等）: cork a bottle 塞住瓶子. 2 (phr v) cork sth up (infml 口) not express (feelings, etc) 抑制（感情等）: Don't cork it all up: if you feel angry, show it. 别什麽都闷在心里, 你有气就发泄出来.

corked

adj (of wine) made bad by a decayed cork （指酒）有腐坏的软木塞异味的.

corkscrew

n device for pulling corks from bottles 瓶塞钻（拔软木瓶塞用的）.

corkage

/ 5kR:kIdV; `kRrkIdV/ n [U] charge made by a restaurant for opening wine a customer has bought elsewhere 开瓶费（饭店对顾客自备的酒收取的）.

corm

/ kR:m; kRrm/ n (botany 植 ) underground reproductivepart of certain plants (eg crocus and gladiolus), similar in appearance to a bulb(1), from which the new stalk grows each year 球茎. =>illus at App 1 见附录 1 之插图, page ii.

cormorant

/ 5kR:mErEnt; `kRrmErEnt/ n large, long-necked, dark-coloured bird which lives near sea coasts and eats fish 鸬 . =>illus at App 1 见附录 1 之插图, page v.

corn

/ kR:n; kRrn/ n 1 [U] (a) (esp Brit) (seed of) any of various grain plants, chiefly wheat, oats, rye and maize; such plants while growing 谷物: grinding corn to make flour 把谷物磨成粉 *| a field of corn 一片庄稼 *| a `corn-field 庄稼地*| a sheaf of corn 一捆谷物. (b) (esp US) maize 玉蜀黍; 玉米. =>illus 见插图. 2 [U] (infml derog 口, 贬) music, verse, drama, etc that is banal, sentimental or hackneyed 平庸、 感伤或陈腐的音乐、 诗歌、 戏剧等: a romantic ballad that is pure corn 极为感伤的浪漫小曲.

corny

/ 5kR:nI; `kRrnI/ adj (-ier, -iest) (infml derog 口, 贬) 599(a) too often heard or repeated; hackneyed 老

生常谈的; 陈腐的: a corny joke 老掉牙的笑话. (b) banal; sentimental 平庸乏味的; 多愁善感的: a corny song 伤感的歌曲.

corn-cob

n hard cylindrical part at the top of a maize stalk, on which the grains grow 玉米穗轴.

=>illus 见插图.

corn-exchange

n place where corn is bought and sold 谷物市场.

cornflakes

n [pl] breakfast cereal made of maize that has been crushed and heated to make it crisp 玉米片（一种早餐食品）.

cornflour (US `cornstarch)

n [U] finely ground flour made esp from maize or rice 谷物磨成的粉; （尤指）玉米面, 米粉.

cornflower

n any of various plants growing wild in corn-fields, esp a blue-flowered kind that is also grown in gardens 矢车菊.

corn on the cob

maize cooked with all the grains still attached to the stalk （熟的）玉米棒子.

corn pone (US also pone)

/ pEUn; pon/ baked or fried maize bread （烤的或煎的）玉米面包.

cornstarch

n [U] (US) = cornflour.

corn

/ kR:n; kRrn/ n 1 small, often painful, area of hardened skin on the foot, esp on the toe 鸡眼.

2 (idm 习语) tread on sb's corns/toes =>tread.

cornea

/ 5kR:nIE; `kRrnIE/ n (anatomy 解) transparent outer covering of the eye, which protects the pupil and iris 角膜. =>illus at eye 见 eye 之插图.

corneal

/ 5kR:nIEl; `kRrnIEl/ adj of the cornea 角膜的: a corneal graft 角膜移植片.

corned

/ kR:nd; kRrnd/ adj (of meat) preserved in salt （指肉）腌制的: corned beef/pork 咸的牛肉[猪肉].

cornelian

/ kR:5ni:lIEn; kRr`niljEn/ n semi-precious stone of a reddish, reddish-brown or white colour 光玉髓（次等宝石, 呈红色、 红褐色或白色）.

corner

/ 5kR:nE(r); `kRrnL/ n 1 place where two lines, sides, edges or surfaces meet; angle enclosed

by two walls, sides, etc that meet 角儿; 角落: A square has four corners; a cube has eight. 正方形有四个角儿; 立方体有八个角儿. *| standing at a street corner 站在街角儿上 *| the shop on/at the corner 位於街角儿的商店 *| In the corner of the room stood a big old chair. 屋角儿放著一把旧的大椅子. *| The address is in the top right-hand corner of the letter. 地址在这封信的右上角儿. *| When I turned the corner (of the street) he had disappeared. 我拐过街角儿时他已经不见了. *| He hit his knee on the corner of the table. 他的膝盖撞在桌子角儿上了. *|[attrib 作定语] the corner shop, ie on the corner of two streets 街角儿处的商店. 2 (a) hidden, secret or remote place 隐蔽的、 秘密的或偏僻的处所: money hidden in odd corners 藏在秘密地方的钱. (b) region; part; area 区域; 部分 ; 地 区 : She lives in a quiet corner of Yorkshire. 她住在约克郡的一个僻静的地区. 3 difficult or awkward situation 困 境 ; 窘 况 : Having lied that I still had the money, I was in rather a corner when they asked me to hand it over. 因我谎称钱仍在我处, 所以他们要我交出时, 我很尴尬. *| She'll need luck to get out of a tight corner like that. 她要靠运气才能摆脱那样的困境. *| The interviewer had driven her into a corner. 面试主持人把她追问得很窘. 4 (usu sing 通常作单数) ~ (in sth) (commerce 商) complete ownership or control of supplies of sth, enabling one to decide its price 囤积; 垄断: